<正>利用12对SSR引物对美洲黑杨种质资源库的11个半同胞家系的137个子代进行遗传分析，共检测到了103个等位基因，平均每对引物检测到的等位基因数（A）为8.67，平均有效等位基因数（Ne）为5.37，观测杂合度平均值（Ho）为0.39，平均期望杂合度（He）为0.75（其中10对引物的期望杂合度均大于0.65），基因分化系数（Gst）平均值为0.22，基因多样度（h）为0.55~0.72。利用UPGMA方法进行聚类分析的结果表明，家系间的遗传相似性与其地理位置差异基本相符。

The distribution of acid phosphatase during fiber development in the culm of Phyllostachys edulis (Cart.) H. De Lehaie was studied by using the lead precipitation method. Acid phosphatase (APase) was mainly localized on the plasmalemma and nuclear chromatin at the stage of fiber initial formation. With the primary wall formation, the enzymatic activity in the cells was examined on the plasmalemma, tonoplast and nuclear chromatin. The enzyme activity on the nuclear chromatin would condensely be accumulated at the later stage of fiber primary wall formation. As fiber secondary wall formed, APase was deposited on the plasmalemma, the disintegrated cytoplasm, mitochondrion and tonoplast and the agglutinated chromatin. With the continual thickening of the secondary wall, APase activity on the plasmalemma, plasmodesmata, plasmalemma invagination and transfer vesicles and agglutinated chromatin of fiber were persistent for many years. These findings indicated that the APase condensely accumulated on the nuclear chromatin was closely related to the occurrence of fiber programmed cell death (PCD), and APase had functions in the whole formation of primary and secondary wall, and the disintegration of protoplast during PCD, and the persistent APase was correlated to the long-lived characteristic of fiber.