<正>采用GIS与地统计学相结合的方法，对南京市城市表层土壤pH、全钾、全磷、速效磷、有机质和全氮的空间分布进行了研究。结果表明，南京市城市土壤pH、全钾的变异函数的理论模型均符合线性有基台模型，可以用克立格（Kriging）插值分析。全磷、速效磷、有机质和全氮经对数处理后，仍然没有合适的拟合模型，采用逆距离加权（IDW）插值进行，了分析。土壤pH、全钾有较强的空间相关性，说明它们受成土母质和地形等影响较大。全磷、速效磷、有机质和全氯空间变异性很大，主要受城市人类活动及土地利用方式的影响。

Two crude elicitor fractions were extracted from mycelia of Marssonina brunnea and itscultural supernatant. The leaves of tobacoo, eggplant and capsicum were treated with the two crude elicitor fractions. Hypersensitive reactions were observed only on the tobacoo when treated with the elicitor fractions, but not on the other two plants. The changes of peroxidase activity of resistant and sensitive poplars after being treated with the two crude elicitor fractions were also studied. The results showed that the activity of peroxidase of resistant poplar was distinctly higher than that of sensitive trees. All these reveal that the two crude elicitor fractions contain elicitor active elements and these elicitors belong to special elicitors.