Abstract: The wood density of 16 Taxodiurn distichum provenances was studied. The results were as follows: (1) The air-dry density, complete-dry density and basic density of 16 provenance had a significant difference, and the air-dry density, complete-dry density and basic density of No. 5, No. 4 and No. 3 provenances were all highest, and those of No. 10 provenance were lowest; (2) The total variation coefficients of the air-dry density, complete-dry density and basic density of 16 provenances were 7.96%, 8.92% and 8.92% respectively, and variation ranges were 0.3232~0.5104g/cm3, 0.2933~0.4629g/cm3 and 0.2685~0.400 4g/cma respectively; (3) Wood basic densities from base to top of the stem had a significant variation, and wood basic density increased with increasing of tree height~ (4) The radial variation of wood basic density in different positions of stem had a different changing trend, and the wood basic density had a changing trend of low-high-low from marrow to north, and the changing trend from marrow to south was different in different conditions of stem.