<正>在林区建立GPS控制网，求解高精度的坐标转换参数，然后采用手持式GPS进行样地中心定位和小班边界定位的方法进行了试验。结果表明：在实际应用中宜选择5个已知差分基准站来求解坐标转换参数；手持式GPS的样地中心定位最大综合误差为3.86m，小班边界平均位移和中心位置绝对位移分别为3.23m和3.72m，小班面积测量精度达98%以上。完全能满足林业生产中实际应用的需要。且操作简单、实用性强，可极大地提高森林资源调查和监测的工作效率。

This study discusses urban man-made landscape development characteristics and the relationship between economy urge factor and the development. It is based on example of Dalian city. The study draws support from Surfer 8 and Mapinfo 7.0 to research urban manmade landscape development on time series. The relationship is also analyzed between economy urge factor and urban man-made landscape development by SPSS. The result shows:the growing of urban man-made landscape in Dalian has a positive correlation with economy development; the urban man-made landscape has entered fast growing time after 1990. The senior and the intermediate urban man-made landscape development’s scale and the speed present the large range growth. The urban landscape height is rapid "heightening" and the whole urban presents the phenomenon of "height fluctuation".