Abstract: In order to understand the characteristic of Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens community well, species diversity indices were utilized to analyze the community based on the field investigation of its typical sample plots. The results showed that compared with other layers, the species diversity index of shrub layer was higher than tree layer and liana layer. Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef richness index were better than Simpson index to explain the community species diversity. The distribution of species-abundant showed that the community included fewer dense species but more sparse species which accorded with log series distribution. When the community closed, Cerasus subhirtella vat. ascendens should die away in the forest. For protecting and enlarging its population, it was suggested. that moderate disturbance and artificial forest gaps were beneficial to the reproduction of Cerasus subhirtella vat. ascendens.