<正>采用随机扩增多态DNA（RAPD）分子标记技术，分析了黄河三角洲主要优势树种之一柽柳（Tamarix chinensis）3个天然群体的遗传多样性及遗传分化。结果表明：26条随机引物扩增出105个可分析位点，多态位点百分比40.07%，Nej的基因多样度（h）为0.4061，shannon多样性指数（I）为0.5917，基因分化系数（G81）为0.0507，基因流值为9.3564。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，在总遗传变异中，群体间遗传变异占7.17%，群体内占92.83%。说明柽柳物种内存在较高的遗传多样性，群体的遗传变异主要存在于群体内，群体间基因交流频繁，遗传距离与地理距离具有显著相关性。

Five morphologic indexes of Cyclocarya paliurus seeds from 15 provenances were measured and the trend surface analysis method was aclopted in this paper. The results showed that there were extremely significant differences in 1000-grain weight, seed size, seed diameter and seed thickness among 15 provenances but no significant difference in diameter to thickness ratio of seed was observed among the provenances. The 1 000-grain weight presented a southwestnortheast variation. The thermal energy and water had an interactive effect. A center-round variation existed at the seed size, and it was rarely affected by climatic factors. The seed thickness, which was mainly related to mean annual temperature and frost-free period, was proved to have south-north variation at same longitude. However, there was no significant trend of geographical variation in seed diameter.