系统分析了我国生态系统空间分布特征，明确了区域主要生态问题和生态系统服务功能，提出对保障我国生态安全具有重要作用的关键区域，建立生态区位的概念和评价方法，认为生态区位是某一区域(或区段)对维持生态安全的重要程度及森林对某一区域生态功能影响力大小的标志。评价生态区位可以采用汉明分类与专家系统分类结合的方法。根据区域的生态区位重要性和中国生态屏障确立的基本原则，综合考虑中国国情，提出中国生态屏障格局包括四横、两环、一纵，总面积达3 176 076 km2，生态屏障涉及434个国家、省和县级自然保护区，240个国家森林公园，5个国际重要湿地，6个国家湿地公园。在此基础上，提出了中国生态屏障格局实施的建设方案和对策。
Abstract
Through the analyses on the distribution of ecosystem, the function of ecosystem, the key ecological problems, the ecological position and the situation of a country in China, the key area on ensuring ecological safety were put forward, the concept and evaluation method were constructed. The ecological position and the situation were the indices which could indicate the importance and the influence on maintaining the safety of ecosystem. The evaluation method on the ecological position and the situation were integrated by the Hanming method and the specialist system. Based on the importance of the ecological position and the situation in country and the principle of constructing ecological barrier structure, the ecological barrier structure was put forward, which was 3 176 076 km2, include four horizontals, two rings and one vertical, relating to 434 reserves,240 state forest parks, 5 international important wetlands and 6 state wetland parks. Moreover, the implementing project and the countermeasure in China were proposed.
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基金
收稿日期：2008-05-20修回日期：2009-06-05作者简介：周洁敏(1968—)，教授级高级工程师，博士。*寇文正(通讯作者)，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为森林资源管理。Email: zhoujiemin804508@126.com。
