人工林生态系统生物多样性与生产力的关系

doi:10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2012.04.001

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (04): 1-6.doi: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2012.04.001

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人工林生态系统生物多样性与生产力的关系

方升佐,田野

南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京 210037

出版日期:2012-07-07 发布日期:2012-07-07
基金资助:
收稿日期:2012-02-23 修回日期:2012-05-01 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB416904); 南京林业大学优秀博士论文创新项目第一作者:方升佐,教授。E-mail: fangsz@njfu.edu.cn。引文格式:方升佐,田野. 人工林生态系统生物多样性与生产力的关系[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(4):1-6.

The relationship between biodiversity and productivity in the artificial plantation ecosystem

FANG Shengzuo, TIAN Ye

College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Online:2012-07-07 Published:2012-07-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物多样性与生产力之间的关系是生态学界近来争论的热点之一。笔者简要介绍了现有关于生物多样性影响生态系统功能有关抽样效应、生态位互补、保险效应、冗余机制、基因-环境互作、边际效应及中性理论等作用机制,以及现有的关于生产力和多样性之间关系的主要观点。在此基础上,阐述了人工林生物多样性的研究现状和人工林生物多样性与生态功能的关系,重点讨论了造林树种选择、造林地清理、造林密度、间伐、林农复合经营、轮伐期长短等经营措施对人工林生物多样性的影响。人工林生物多样性的高低,很大程度上取决于林分结构的构建和调控,任何左右林分结构的经营措施都有可能对人工林生物多样性产生影响。因此,从生物多样性维护及生态功能发挥的角度看,决定应该营造什么样的人工林以及该采取怎样的经营措施是人工林可持续经营和长期立地生产力维持的关键。

关键词: 人工林, 生物多样性, 生物生产力, 生态功能, 经营措施, 可持续经营

Abstract: The relationship between biodiversity and productivity is the hot topic to discuss in recent ecological literatures. In this paper, the authors briefly introduced the effects and mechanisms of biodiversity on ecological function, such as sampling effect, niche complementarity, insurance effect, redundancy and edge effect while the main viewpoints on the relationship between biodiversity and productivity were reported. We also summarized the present research situations on biodiversity and the relationship between biodiversity and ecological function in the artifical plantation ecosystem. Meanwhile, the effects of management practices, such as choice of tree species, site preparation, planting density, thinning, agroforestry and rotation length, on biodiversity in the plantation ecosystem were discussed with emphasis. The artifical plantation biodiversity depends mainly on the establishment and regulation of stand structures, and any management practices that could control the stand structures of plantation. Therefore, how to establish and regulate the stand structure of the plantation which could maintain a suitable biodiversity is a key factor to keep the long-term productivity and sustainable management of the plantations. Furthermore, the further research outlines on the relationship between biodiversity and biomass productivity in the plantation ecosystem were also proposed in the paper in order to provide some references for sustainable management of plantations in China.

Key words: plantation, biodiversity, biomass productivity, ecological function, management practice, sustainable management

中图分类号:

S718

方升佐,田野. 人工林生态系统生物多样性与生产力的关系[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2012, 36(04): 1-6.

FANG Shengzuo, TIAN Ye. The relationship between biodiversity and productivity in the artificial plantation ecosystem[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2012, 36(04): 1-6.DOI: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2012.04.001.

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人工林生态系统生物多样性与生产力的关系

The relationship between biodiversity and productivity in the artificial plantation ecosystem

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