Abstract: By taking recombinant bamboo made of Neosinocalamus affinis as the research object, the tensile and compressive properties of recombinant bamboo were studied. The results were compared with six wood species including dahurian larch. The results showed that tension strength parallel to grain and compression strength parallel to gain of recombinant bamboo were 248.15 MPa and 129.17 MPa respectively, and the properties of which were stable. Compared with dahurian larch and spruce etc, the compression and tension strength of recombinant bamboo were higher, while difference between strength in transverse and longitudinal direction was much smaller,E_L/E_T were smaller, the Poisson’s ratio and strength weight ratio varied in directions. The curve of compressing perpendicular to grain was divided into three parts(elastic stage, plastic stage and failure stage), and it was plastic failure in the end.