<正> “造园”与“园林”两个名词,虽只是一字之差,但含义上有主从之分,不能混为一谈,在学术上必须彻底澄清,以免长此混淆不清,影响科学及事业的发展。特撰此文,以就正造园界同志。 一、“园”及其有关词汇 在我国文字上“园”字及其类似的词汇为数甚多,拟分为单词及复词两项分别加以说明: (一)单词 1.园《说文》:“树果为‘园’。”今称栽果树者为“果园”。栽桃者称“桃园”,栽梅者称“梅园”,栽牡丹者称牡丹园”。亦称私人的庭园为“花园”。 2.圃《说文》;“种菜为‘圃’。”今栽菜者称“菜圃”,育苗者为“苗圃”。世称黄帝之园为“县圃”。 3.囿《说文》:“有禽兽曰‘囿’。”《孟子》:“文王之‘囿’方七十里。”

"Zaoyuan" (landscape architecture) and "yuanlin" (garden, the modern name of which being "tingyuan") are two long-used terms in Chinese language which should neither be considered as the same, nor made mixed up. While "yuanlin" (garden) means a piece of land, often with a house or houses, on which plants, etc., are arranged to give a pleasant effect, "zaoyuan" (landscape architecture) refers to beauti-fication of any environments, i. e., in addition to "yuanlin" (garden), it includes all those sorts of things like park, zoo, botanical garden, scenic spot, historic site, natural conservation, environmental protection, recreational engineering, beautification of national land, etc. Experts attending a meeting of the U. N. International Federation of Landscape Architects unanimously held that in future the tendency of the development of landscape architecture was towards taking gardens as a starting point and Nature a wide field to proceed with, where national parks, natural conservations, etc., can be built and recreational engineering, national land beautification, etc., done. Accordingly, "yuanlin" (garden) is only one type of "zaoyuan" (landscape architecture), and it is not scientific and appropriate to incorporate into the term "yuanlin" (garden) things which are beyond its scope on one hand and narrow the range of "Zaoyuan" (landscape architecture) on the other. If the two terms are not made clear to us, or, if they are mixed up, undertakings of both "yuanlin" and "zaoyuan" would be hampered, which would in turn harm the construction of our country. It is just for this reason that the terms of "yuanlin" and "zaoyuan" should be clarified, used in their right senses and not made confused.