<正>研究了中国南方主要酸性土壤类型在模拟酸雨影响下土壤酸化和其缓冲性能及盐基的迁移特征，结果表明，酸雨淋洗引起土壤ＰＨ降低，盐基离子淋失，随着酸雨溶液pＨ的降低，土壤酸化趋势加剧，盐基淋失量增加，红壤对酸雨的缓冲性能好于砖红壤。淋出液中Ｋ+，ｗａ+，ｃａ2+，Mｇ2+含量加上淋洗后土壤交换性 K+，Nａ2+，Ca2+，Mｇ2+含量大于原土壤中交换性Ｋ+，Ｎａ+，Ｃａ2+，Ｍｇ2+总量，说明在酸雨淋洗下，土壤中某些矿物发生风化溶解，释放盐基进入土壤。

The effects of simulated acid rain on soil acidification and base ions transplant were studied. The results revealed that the leaching of acid rain results in change of pH value of soil and release of base ions from acid soils. The acidification of soil became more serious and the amount of base ions leached from the soils increased when the pH value of the acid rain decreased. It also indicated that some miners in the soils dissolved and gave off base ions with acid rain leaching.