Abstract: To understand the difference of the growth performance of different hickory scion/rootstock combinations, growth performance and early fruiting were studied on three different scion/rootstock combinations comparing to seedling. The results showed that the preservation rate tended to stability from the second year on, and the preservation rate of the combinations of growth limb scion and dyetree rootstock was the highest, reached to (77.93±8.51)%. However, the preservation rate of the combinations of fruitbearing limb scion and hickory rootstock was the lowest, only (52.97±567)%. The height growth gap was decrescent along with the increase of afforestation years (1 to 5 years), while the diameter growth gap was extended. Afforestion 5 years later, dwarf effect of the combination of growth limb and hickory rootstock was obvious, and the height growth was only 89.2% of the seedlings, and the combination of growth limb scion and dyetree rootstock or hickory rootstock began fructification. While, the other two delayed one year. Afforestration 7 years later, the ratio of fruited tree was highest, reached to 85.0%, but the combinations of growth scion and dyetree or hickory rootstock were 74.2% and 75.8%, respectively, and early yield were 30.6kg and 30.4 kg, respectively. The ratio o fruited tree of seedlings afforestion and early yield were the lowest, only 43.7% and 4.5kg, respectively.