白蛾黑基啮小蜂(Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang)在徐州地区主要寄生杨小舟蛾(Micromelalopha troglodyta)蛹。在小环境中,它搜寻寄主蛹平均耗时(93.12±66.53)s。搜寻到寄主后,多数小蜂从寄主蛹腹部爬上蛹体并产卵,只有少数小蜂在蛹的头部和胸部爬上寄主蛹并产卵。1~3 d龄小蜂寄生能力无差异,其寄生率均为100%,4 d龄小蜂寄生能力开始显著下降,5 d龄的寄生率已降至20%。白蛾黑基啮小蜂能寄生杨小舟蛾老熟幼虫、预蛹、1~5 d龄蛹,不能寄生6 d龄蛹。1 d龄杨小舟蛾蛹被寄生率最高,达(92.59±12.83)%,随着蛹龄的增长,小蜂对寄主蛹的寄生能力逐渐下降。在增加寄主蛹密度的情况下,小蜂的寄生能力并不能显著提高。随着雌蜂密度的增加,寄主蛹的被寄生率和每头寄主子代出蜂量也相应提高,当蛹蜂比为1∶5时开始出现过寄生现象,并随着雌蜂数量的增加,过寄生现象呈上升趋势。速冻蛹(蛹动)对白蛾黑基啮小蜂接受寄主的影响不大。
Abstract
Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang parasitics is mainly observed on the Micromelalopha troglodyta pupae in Xuzhou city. In the microhabitats, the female adult averagely spent (93.12±66.53) seconds to search pupae.The majority of female parasitoids climbs up and insert their ovipositor to the pupae on the host abdomen, Others on the breast and head. One to three days old had no significant influence on the host acceptance behavior of the female Parasitoid, and their parasitization reach 100%. The host acceptance behavior of 4 days old had significant decline, 5 days old’s parasitization rate almost decline to 20%. Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang can parasitize anaphase larva、early pupae and one to five days old pupa, but it cann’t parasitize 6 days old pupae. Parasitization rate of 1 day old pupae is highest reaching to (92.59±12.83)%. The ability of host acceptance of Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang gradually descends following the pupae’ age growth. It can not enhance the parasitize after adding the pupae number. Parasitization rate and number of offspring per host enhance gradually when the density of the female chalcid increase. However, hyperparasitization appear when the ratio of pupae to endoparasitoid is 1∶5, it would ascend when the female was endoparasitoid multiplied. Simultaneously, it was found that host pupae movement had no significant effect on its host acceptance.
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1]邱鸿贵,邱中良,沈伯钧,等. 啮小蜂寄主接受行为的研究[J]. 昆虫天敌,2001:23(3):97-108.
[2]陆剑锋,邱鸿贵,沈伯钧,等. 啮小蜂雌蜂接受寄主线索的探讨[J]. 昆虫知识,2005,42(6):669-672.
[3]杨忠歧,魏建荣. 寄生于美国白蛾的黑棒啮小蜂中国二新种(膜翅目:姬小蜂科)[J]. 林业科学,2003,39(5):67-73.
[4]郭同斌,嵇保中,诸葛强,等. 转Bt基因杨树(NL80106)对杨小舟蛾抗虫性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,28(6):5-9.
[5]郭同斌,王振营,梁波,等. 杨小舟蛾的生物学特性[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(5):56-60.
[6]郭同斌,杜伟,刘忠刚,等. 杨小舟蛾的发生规律[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(5):115-118.
[7]高惠璇,李东风,耿直,等. SAS系统与基础统计分析[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1995.
[8]周祥,黄光斗,马子龙,等. 椰心叶甲啮小蜂对寄主的选择性、适宜性和功能反应[J]. 热带作物学报,2006,27(2):74-77.
[9]高连喜,季清娥,黄居昌,等. 黄色潜蝇茧蜂寄生功能反应的研究[J]. 华东昆虫学报,2004,13(2):31-35.
[10]Bacher S, Casas J, Wackers F L, et al. Substrate vibrations elicit defensive behaviour in leafminer pupae[J]. Journal of Insect Physiology,1997, 43(10): 945-952.
基金
收稿日期:2008-11-11修回日期:2009-03-26基金项目:江苏省农业三项工程项目(SX[2006]018);江苏省“六大人才高峰”第三批资助项目(06G015);徐州市高层次人才项目(2007-13)作者简介:颜学武(1983—),硕士生。*郭同斌(通讯作者),研究员级高级工程师,研究方向为林业有害生物防治技术。Email: gtb1101@163.com。引文格式:颜学武,郭同斌,蒋继宏,等. 白蛾黑基啮小蜂寄主接受行为的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(5)