Abstract: Provenance test of masson pine included 49 seed sources from all of the natural range was arried out in Mar. 1984 near Nanjing. The period of severe cold (absolute temperature of-15°C) from Dec. 27, 1991 to Jan. 21, 1992 damaged most provenances in the plantation of the test, but there was few mortality of plants. Frost damage to needles and shoots was recorded following the cold period in Apr. 1992. There were significant differences (P<0. 01)and incline patterns of frost injury in provenances. Provenances from S. W. of the range were more susceptible than those from N. E.. Frost injury was closely correlated with some geographic and climatic factors (longitude, mean temperature of Jan, elevation) and growth factors (hight and crown). 49 provenances were divided into 3 clusters according to the results of canonical correlation analysis and cluster analysis.