南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 1993, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (04): 1-8.doi: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.1993.04.001

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

中国竹子分类的现状和问题

赵奇僧;汤庚国   

  1. 南京林业大学林学系;南京林业大学林学系
  • 出版日期:1993-12-18 发布日期:1993-08-18

THE PRESENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF BAMBOO CLASSIFICATION IN CHINA

Chao Chison Tang Gengguo   

  1. Nanjing Forestry University
  • Online:1993-12-18 Published:1993-08-18

摘要: <正>论述了近17年来中国竹子分类的现状和存在的问题。70年代以来,中国竹子分类学研究取得了很大的成就,发现了不少具有重要经济和科学价值的竹子属种。同时,中国竹子分类也存在着严重的混乱和错误,文中着重分析了这些混乱和错误产生的原因。并指出了今后我国竹子分类学研究的重点和方向。

Abstract: Bamboos are a natural group of the grass family and widely distributed in Asia, America and Africa including Madagascar. There is a great diversity of bamboos in Asia especially in China whether genera or species. It is believed that the first Chinese bamboo named by K. L. Willdenow in 1808 was Ludolfia glaucescens=Bambusa glaucescens (Willd. ) Sieb. ex Munro. From 1808 to 1975, 25 genera and 210 species, varieties, forms of Chinese bamboos were named or recorded. Since 1970’s, a lot of bamboo collections have been collected from all parts of China and 170 papers about bamboo classification have been published by Chinese botanists. 23 genera (including 2 exotic genera) and 534 species, varieties, forms have been named as new. Some of them are very good genera and species, e. g. Acidosasa C. D. Chu &. C. S. Chao, Monocladus Chia & al. , Dendrocalamus sinicus Chia & J. L. Sun, Phyllostachys praecox C. D. Chu & C. S. Chao, Chimonobambusa tumidinoda (Hsueh & Yi) Wen etc. These new species are very important for industry, bamboo shoots and bamboo artifacts. It must say that the bamboo classification in China has made considerable headway. But the authors of this paper have to point out the existing problems in bamboo classification in China. A natural group of Chinese bamboos was divided into two or several genera. These genera lead to more confusion in bamboo classification and have subsequently been reduced to synonym by the other botanists at home and abroad, i. e. Sinocalamus, Neosinocalamus, =Dendrocalamus; Dendrocalamopsis=Bambusa; Oligostachyum, Bashania, Clavin-odum and Polyanthus=Arundinaria; Himalayacalamus=Thamnocalamus; Qiongzhuea, Menstruocalamus=Chi-monobambusa; Ampelocalamus, Chimonocalamus, Drepanostochyum, Butania, and Burmabambus=Sinarundinaria.