Abstract: Looking back on the flooding history in Changjiang River valley and considering the worst inundation in 1998, the paper expounds the relation between mountain area management and flood prevention by water control and discusses the supporting action of scientific technology in forest development and natural calamity prevention. It is considered that combining forest with engineering measures and taking both radical and stopgap measures are the inevitable selection to efficiently prevent and comprehensively hamess the flood calamity in Changjiang River valley. Some particular measures are put forward in the paper so as to prevent inundation and achieve soil territory security of our country. Facing the reality of forest resource shortage and ecological environment deterioration year by year, we have to pay a great attention to protect and develop forest resource by the propaganda of forest law and the increase of forest management technology and to put soil and water resource to rational use by making