<正>在单因素试验基础上，采用二次旋转通用组合设计，系统分析了松香中添加浅色剂PS-10时，反应温度、反应时间、浅色剂用量3个因子对松香各质量指标的影响。利用优化方法得到最佳试验条件为：反应温度272℃，反应时间4h，PS-10用量0.175%。所得浅色松香的各项指标为：颜色120（哈森号），酸价167.2mg/g，软化点76.1℃，达到浅色松香的指标要求。

The study on the bamboo population could provide a theoretic and scientific basis for prediction of bamboo population succession,fostering of bamboo forest and protection of bamboo germplasm. The spatial pattern of Arundinaria fargesii clone population and the clone growth form of ramets(percentage of ramets with single axis within a clone) were studied by using the method of contiguous grid quadrats, distance among the ramets along the sample line to sampling,t-test for variance/mean and X2-test for Poisson-distribution to test the spatial patten, drawing the pattern analysis graph to confirm the pattern scale, and using mean crowd index(m),clumping index(C) and relative density difference(RDD) to calculate the pattern intensity, using mean clearance distance to show the pattern grain and using the change of clone growth index to show the dynamics of clonal growth. The results showed that the spatial pattern of A. fargesii clone population was the clumped distribution and the pattern scale was at 92.16 m2, the relative intensity difference(RDD) was 3.89, the pattern grain was 38.17 cm. The sympodial ramets hold the dominant status in the clone growth of the A. fargesii clonal population. The strengthening trend of the clumped distribution with ageing implies that the population was under a relatively stronger environmental pressure.