Abstract: Comparisons about shoot emergence of Bambusa oldhamii inside and outside greenhouse were conducted. Results showed that the bamboo shooting inside greenhouse was 40 days earlier than the outside, and its shooting period lasted 3 months and a half, while only 3 months outside greenhouse. Bambusa oldhamii protected cultivation promoted shooting and prolonged shooting period. In the whole shooting period, inside greenhouse, the shoots quantity were 3.94 shoots per centare, the shoots yield was 1 125.90 g/m2, the average shoot weight was 290.00 g per shoot, and the average DBH of new bamboo was 4.39 cm. However, the shoots quantity were 3.15 shoots per centare, the shoots yield was 988.40 g/m2, the average shoot weight was 320.00 g per shoot, and the average DBH of new bamboo was 4.74 cm outside greenhouse. The shoots yield per unit area inside greenhouse was greater than that in the outside, but its shoots and new bamboos quality were very low. Therefore, the protected cultivation technology and management level of Bambusa oldhamii were necessary to be improved continuously.