芦苇对疏浚后基底环境的光合生理及生长响应

孙一香; 庄瑶; 王中生; 邓自发; 姚志刚; 曹福荣; 王剑; 安树青

doi:10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2010.06.016

孙一香，庄瑶，王中生，邓自发，姚志刚，曹福荣，王剑，安树青

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2010, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (06) : 71-76.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2010, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (06) : 71-76. DOI: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2010.06.016

研究论文

芦苇对疏浚后基底环境的光合生理及生长响应

孙一香¹，庄瑶¹，王中生¹^*，邓自发²，姚志刚¹，曹福荣³，王剑³，安树青¹

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The photosynthetic and phenotypic response of Phragmites australis to sediment dredging

SUN Yixiang¹, ZHUANG Yao¹, WANG Zhongsheng¹^*, DENG Zifa², YAO Zhigang¹, CAO Furong³, WANG Jian³, AN Shuqing¹

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摘要

芦苇(Phragmites australis)是湿地重建的重要工具种之一。笔者选取溱湖湿地公园内疏浚后重建的5处代表性芦苇沼泽及1处未做疏浚处理的芦苇沼泽(对照组)，基于生长期芦苇光合生理及成熟期芦苇表型的测定与分析，探讨芦苇对疏浚后基底环境的适应性响应。结果表明：疏浚后底泥总氮、总磷消减明显，总氮含量下降为480~1 080 mg/kg，总磷含量下降为536~585 mg/kg。疏浚后样地芦苇的最大净光合速率、光能利用效率、二氧化碳利用效率等直接反应光合能力的指标和底泥总氮含量间存在显著相关性，有效光能利用区间随底泥总氮含量上升增幅明显；底泥总磷含量仅与光能利用效率存在显著相关性。供光合指标测定的芦苇植株第3叶叶长、叶面积、叶干质量以及地上生物量与疏浚后底泥总氮含量之间表现为显著正相关关系，与底泥总磷含量无显著相关性。溱湖湿地公园基底疏浚后芦苇生长受到底泥总氮含量的显著影响说明部分疏浚点的疏浚强度对芦苇的生长已构成限制。因此，在底泥疏浚及水生植被恢复与重建时，需要考虑不同水生植物适应基质(营养条件)的差异性，大规模盲动性的清淤可能导致水生植被重建出现新的限制因子。

Abstract

Phragmites australis is an important model plant in wetland reconstruction. We selected five representative Ph.australis swamps of reed that were reconstructed after sediment dredging, and a swamp that had not been dredged in Qinhu National Wetland Park as a control, and we compared the response of Ph.australis to the sediment dredging through measuring and analyzing photosynthetic physiological parameters during growing season and phenotypic parameters during the mature stage of Ph.australis. The results showed that the content of TN and TP in the sediment in Qinhu National Wetland Park had a significant decrease through dredging, specifically, the level of TN dropped to 480—1 080 mg/kg, and the level of TP to 536—585 mg/kg. The maximal net photosynthetic rate, apparent light use efficiency and apparent CO2 use efficiency had significant correlation with TN content in sediment in the swamps that were constructed after sediment dredging. In addition, the effective range of light use(the difference of LSP and LCP) increased significantly with increment in sediment nitrogen content. However, TP in sediment had significant correlation with only apparent light use efficiency. The length, area, dry weight of the 3rd leaf and the aboveground biomass had significant positive correlation with TN content in sediment, but no correlation with TP content in sediment. Extensive dredging in some sample plots may have negative impact on the growth of Ph.australis. Therefore when sediment dredging and reconstruction of aquatic vegetation need to be done, one should consider the impacts on aquatic plants with different adaptation to sediment (nutritional conditions). Dredging recklessly in large scale may create new limit factors in the reconstruction of aquatic vegetation.

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孙一香，庄瑶，王中生，邓自发，姚志刚，曹福荣，王剑，安树青. 芦苇对疏浚后基底环境的光合生理及生长响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2010, 34(06): 71-76 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2010.06.016

SUN Yixiang, ZHUANG Yao, WANG Zhongsheng, DENG Zifa, YAO Zhigang, CAO Furong, WANG Jian, AN Shuqing. The photosynthetic and phenotypic response of Phragmites australis to sediment dredging[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2010, 34(06): 71-76 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2010.06.016

中图分类号： Q945.79

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基金

收稿日期：2010-01-03修回日期：2010-05-17基金项目：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2008254)；国家重点基础研究发展计划(2008CB418201)；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07526-001)作者简介：孙一香(1985—)，硕士生。*王中生(通信作者)，副教授。Email: wangzs@nju.edu.cn。引文格式：孙一香,庄瑶,王中生,等.