Abstract: Fractal is one of the properties of soil.We conducted field investigations and laboratory quantitative analysis to reveal the unique nature of the soil in typical waterlevelfluctuating zone of the Three Gorges reservoir area.Soil particle distribution and fractal characteristics in the typical waterlevelfluctuating zone was studied. The results showed that, fractal dimension of soil in the zone was around 2.80. There were three kinds of texture of soil: loamy clay,silty clay and clay loam. There was no significant difference in fractal dimension between two kinds of clay. Fractal dimension of clay and loam were significantly different. And fractal dimension of clay was bigger than that of loam. With an increase in altitude,distribution of soil particle changed from peak fattailed distribution to peak distribution.Under dual influences of precipitation and river water, the content of small particles of soil at upper elevation was higher than that of soil at lower elevation. There was no significant difference among fractal dimension of soil under different vegetation types with flood for the last three years and the recent one year.