苗木稳态营养加载技术研究进展

李国雷; 刘勇; 祝燕; 孙宇; 邹尚庆

doi:10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2011.02.025

苗木稳态营养加载技术研究进展

李国雷，刘勇，祝燕，孙宇，邹尚庆

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2011, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (02) : 117-123.

PDF(1208980 KB)

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

PDF(1208980 KB)

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2011, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (02) : 117-123. DOI: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2011.02.025

综合述评

苗木稳态营养加载技术研究进展

李国雷，刘勇，祝燕，孙宇，邹尚庆

作者信息 +

Study of techniques for steadystate nutrition supply of seedlings

LI Guolei, LIU Yong, ZHU Yan, SUN Yu, ZOU Shangqing

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

苗木稳态营养加载技术目前已成为欧洲和北美苗木施肥的主要技术，广泛运用于栎属、云杉属、松属等欧美地区主要造林树种。我国于1988年利用稳态营养加载技术对兰考泡桐、刺槐、杉木、湿地松等树种的苗木进行了初步经营，21世纪以来该方面研究基本处于停滞状态。笔者从稳态营养加载技术的理念、稳态营养加载参数确定技术、稳态营养加载在容器苗应用、稳态营养加载与树种敏感性、稳态营养加载与秋季施肥、缓释肥、菌根及苗木质量等方面，对国际上近30年的相关研究成果进行综述，并结合当今研究热点，对该领域研究前景进行了展望。

Abstract

The techniques of the steadystate nutrition supply (SSNS) for seedlings originated from the 80 years of 20th century. Based on the more than 30 years studies, the techniques have been a dominant fertilization method and thus used widely in the Europe and America for the culture of the seedlings of the main forestation trees，including Quercus, Picea, and Pinus. By using of the techniques from 1988, preliminary studies were conducted on the seedling, such as Paulow elongata, Robinia pseudoacacia, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus elliottii. However, the relative studies have been hampered for some reason since the 21th century in China. In this paper, the studies in the about 30 years were analyzed, including the theory and the parameters` calculation of the SSNS, the application in the containerized seedlings, adaptive in the tree species, the relation between SSNS and lateseason fertilization, slowrelease fertilization, mycorrhization, and seedling quality. In addition, the future in the study was prospected.

引用本文

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

导出引用

李国雷，刘勇，祝燕，孙宇，邹尚庆. 苗木稳态营养加载技术研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2011, 35(02): 117-123 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2011.02.025

LI Guolei, LIU Yong, ZHU Yan, SUN Yu, ZOU Shangqing. Study of techniques for steadystate nutrition supply of seedlings[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2011, 35(02): 117-123 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2011.02.025

中图分类号： S723

参考文献

[1]Salifu K F ， Timmer V R. Nutrient retranslocation response of Picea mariana seedlings to nitrogen supply[J]. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 2001 (65): 905-913.
[2]Imo M, Timmer V R. Nitrogen uptake of Mesquite seedlings at conventional and exponential fertilization schedules[J]. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 1992(56): 927-934.
[3]Timmer V R. Exponential nutrient loading: a new fertilization technique to improve seedling performance on competitive sites[J]. New Forests, 1996(13): 275-295.
[4]Birge Z K D, Salifu K F, Jacobs D. Modified exponential nitrogen loading to promote morphological quality and nutrient storage of barerootcultured Quercus rubra and Quercua alba seedlings[J]. Scandinavian J of Forest Research, 2006(21): 306-316.
[5]Oliet J A, Tejade M, Salifu K F, et al. Performance and nutrient dynamics of holm oak(Quercus ilex L.) seedlings in relation to nursery nutrient loading and posttransplant fertility[J]. European Journal of Forest Research, 2009, 128(3):253-263.
[6]Close D C, Bail I, Hunter S, et al. Effects of exponential nutrientloading on morphological and nitrogen characteristics and on afterplanting performance of Eucalyptus globulus seedlings[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2005, 205(1-3): 397-403.
[7]郑槐明, 贾慧君. 植物稳态矿质营养理论与技术研究及展望[J]. 林业科学, 1999, 35(1): 94-103.
[8]贾慧君, 郑槐明. 兰考泡桐根插苗的生长和营养状况的研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 1988, 1(5): 485-491.
[9]贾慧君, Ingestad T. 兰考泡桐和刺槐幼苗最适营养需要的研究[J]. 林业科学, 1989, 25(1): 1-6.
[10]贾慧君, 郑槐明. 植物稳态矿质营养研究的理论与技术[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 1991, 27(4): 307-310.
[11]贾慧君, 郑槐明, 李江南,等. 稳态营养原则在杉木、湿地松苗木施肥中的应用[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 1994, 16(4): 65-74.
[12]贾慧君, 郑槐明, 花晓梅, 等. 稳态营养对湿地松容器苗Pt外生菌根形成及生长效应研究[J]. 林业科学, 1997, 33(1): 51-58.
[13]王骏, 杨春华, 孙福, 等. 植物稳态营养肥料对I-69杨苗木生长的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 1997, 19(3): 97-99.
[14]Xu X J, Timmer V R. Growth and nitrogen nutrition of Chinese fir seedlings exposed to nutrient loading and fertilization[J]. Plant and Soil, 1999, 216(1-2): 83-91.
[15]Qu L Y, Quoreshi A M, Koike T. Root growth characteristics, biomass and nutrient dynamics of seedlings of two larch species raised under different fertilization regimes[J]. Plant and Soil, 2003, 255: 293-302.
[16]Salifu K F, Jacobs D F. Characterizing fertility targets and multielement interactions in nursery culture of Quercus rubra seedlings[J]. Ann For Sci, 2006, 63(3): 231-237.
[17]Way D A, Seegobin S D, Sage R F. The effect of carbon and nutrient loading during nursery culture on the growth of black spruce seedlings: a sixyear field study[J]. New Forests, 2007, 34: 307-312.
[18]Salifu K F, Jacobs D F, Birge Zonda K D. Nursery nitrogen loading improves field performance of bareroot oak seedlings planted on abandoned mine lands[J]. Restoration Ecology, 2009, 17(3): 339-349.
[19]Salifu K F, Timmer V R. Optimizing nitrogen loading of Picea mariana seedlings during nursery culture[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2003, 33(7): 1287-1294.
[20]Macalister J A, Timmer V R. Nutrient and enrichment of white spruce seedlings during nursery culture and initial plantation establishment[J]. Tree Physiology, 1998, 18: 195-202.
[21]Hawkins B J, Burgess, Mitchell A K. Growth and nutrient dynamics of western hemlock with conventional or exponential greenhouse fertilization and planting in different fertility conditions[J]. Can J For Res, 2005, 35(4): 1002-1016.
[22]马常耕. 世界容器苗研究,生产现状和我国发展对策[J]. 世界林业研究, 1994, 7(5):33-41.
[23]侯元兆. 现代林业育苗的理念与技术[J]. 世界林业研究, 2007, 20(4): 24-29.
[24]Boivin J R, Miller B D, Timmer V R. Lateseason fertilization of Picea mariana seedlings under greenhouse culture: biomass and nutrient dynamics[J]. Ann For Sci, 2002, 59: 255-264.
[25]Quorshi M, Timmer V R. Growth, nutrient dynamics, and ectomycorrhizal development of containergrown Picea mariana seedlings in response to exponential nutrient loading[J]. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research, 2000, 30: 191-201.
[26]Dumroese R K, PageDumroese D S, Salifu K F, et al. Exponential fertilization of Pinus monticola seedlings: nutrient uptake efficiency, leaching fractions, and early outplanting performance[J]. Can J For Res, 2005, 35: 2961-2967.
[27]Timmer V R, Armstrong G. Growth and nutrition of containerized Pinus resinosa at exponentially increasing nutrient additions[J]. Can J For Res, 1987, 17: 644-647.
[28]Miller B D, Timmer V R. Steadystate nutrition of Pinus resinosa seedlings: response to nutrient loading, irrigation and hardening regimes[J]. Tree Physiology, 1994, 14: 1327-1338.
[29]Burgess D. Western hemlock and Douglasfir seedling development with exponential rates of nutrient addition[J]. For Sci, 1990, 37: 54-67.
[30]Troeng E, Ackzell L. Growth regulation of Scots pine seedlings with different fertilizer compositions and regimes[J]. New Forests, 1988, 2(2): 119-130.
[31]Joseph R, Boivin K, Salifu F, et al. Lateseason fertilization of Picea mariana seedlings: intensive loading and outplanting response on greenhouse bioassays[J]. Annals of Forest Science, 2004, 61: 737-745.
[32]李国雷. 长白落叶松苗木水肥耦合与分级培育技术研究[D]. 北京：北京林业大学, 2009.
[33]Donald D G M. Nursery fertilization of conifer planting stock[G]// R Nan den Driessche. Mineral Nutrition of Conifer Seedlings. Boca Raton Fla: CRS Press, 1991.
[34]Haase D L, Rose R, Trobaugh J. Field performance of three stock sizes of Douglasfir container seedlings grown with slowrelease fertilizer in the nursery growing medium[J]. New Forests, 2006, 31: 1-24.
[35]Khr M, Arveby A S. A method for establishing ectomycorrhiza on conifer seedlings in steadystate conditions of nutrition[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1986, 67(3): 333-339.
[36]Brockley R P. The effects of fertilization on the early growth of planted seedlings: a problem analysis[R]. Victoria: British Columbia FRDA, 1988.
[37]McDonald M A, Hawkins B J, Prescott C E, et al. Growth and foliar nutrition of western red cedar fertilized with sevage sludge, fish silage, and wood ash on northern Vancouver Island[J]. Can J For Res, 1994, 24: 297-301.
[38]Lamhamedi M S, Bernier P Y, Hébert C. Effect of shoot size on the gas exchange and growth of containerized Picea mariana seedlings under different watering regimes[J]. New Forests, 1997, 13:209-223.
[39]South D B, Menzies M I, Grant Holden D. Stock size affects outplanting survival and early growth of fascicle cuttings of Pinus radiate [J]. New Forests, 2005, 29: 273-288.
[40]Lindstrm A. Miniplantor kan bli n got stort[J/OL]. Plantaktuellt, 2003
[2010-02-01]. http://www.skogforsk.se/up/oad/Dokument/PLANTakuellt/2003-01.pdf.
[41]张建国, 王军辉, 许洋, 等.网袋容器育苗新技术[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2007.
[42]Maｎas Pilar, Castro Elena, Jorge de las Heras. Quality of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) seedlings using waste materials as nursery growing media[J]. New Forests, 2009, 37: 295-311.

基金

收稿日期：2010-03-15 修回日期：2010-10-20 基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（BLJD200905）；“十一五”国家科技支撑计划（2006BAD24B01）作者简介：李国雷（1977—），博士。刘勇（通信作者），教授。Email：lyong@bjfu.edu.cn。引文格式：李国雷，刘勇，祝燕,等. 苗木稳态营养加载技术研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(2):117-123.