以贵州西部光皮桦天然次生林为对象,采用野外调查与实验室分析相结合的方法,对其碳素含量、碳密度及分配特征进行了研究。结果表明:光皮桦林生态系统碳素含量表现为乔木层(495.27 g/kg)>灌木层(487.10 g/kg)>草本层(456.57 g/kg)>枯落物层(431.57 g/kg)>0～80 cm的土壤层(36.31 g/kg),且差异极显著,植被层平均碳素含量为483.55 g/kg; 乔木不同器官碳素含量表现为干>枝>叶>根,且干和枝均表现为径阶越大,碳素含量越高; 灌、草层均表现为地上>地下,土壤碳素含量随土层深度的增加而减少。生态系统碳密度为224.67 t/hm2,表现为0～80 cm的土壤层(201.3 t/hm2)>乔木层(17.22 t/hm2)>灌木层(3.14 t/hm2)>枯落物层(2.49 t/hm2)>草本层(0.82 t/hm2),分别占生态系统碳密度的89.60%、7.53%、1.40%、1.11%和0.36%; 植被层碳密度为21.18 t/hm2,只占生态系统碳密度的9.29%; 土壤表层(0～20 cm)碳密度为76.7 t/hm2,占土壤层(0～80 cm)碳密度的38.08%,显著高于其他各层,有较强的表聚性。光皮桦天然次生林碳净固定量为3.58 t/(hm2·a),相当于固定13.12 t/(hm2·a)的CO2,说明光皮桦天然次生林是大气CO2重要的汇。
Abstract
The natural secondary forests of Betula luminifera in west Guizhou were taken as the subject to study the carbon content, carbon density and the distribution characteristics of carbon based on an integrated approach of field investigation and lab analysis. The results indicated that the carbon content in the ecosystem of the Betula luminifera forests in descending order was trees(495.27 g/kg), shrubs(487.10 g/kg), herbs(456.57 g/kg), litter(431.57 g/kg)and 0-80 cm deep soil(36.31 g/kg)with significant difference between them. The average carbon content in the vegetation was 483.55 g/kg. The carbon content in the different organs of the trees in descending order was trunk, branches, foliage and roots, and the carbon content for both the trunk and the branches increased with the increase in the diameter at breast height(DBH). The carbon content above ground was higher than that underground both in the shrubs and herbs. The carbon content in the soil decreased with the increase of the soil depth. The carbon density of the ecosystem in average was 224.67 t/hm2 and in descending order was the 0-80 cm deep soil(201.3 t/hm2), the trees(17.22 t/hm2), shrubs(3.14 t/hm2), litter(2.49 t/hm2)and herbs(0.82 t/hm2), and these respectively contributed 89.60%, 7.53%, 1.40%, 1.11% and 0.36% of the entire ecosystem. The carbon density in the vegetation was 21.18 t/hm2, accounting for only 9.29% of the ecosystem. The carbon density in the surface layer(0-20 cm deep)of the soil was 76.7 t/hm2, contributing 38.08% of the total soil mass(0-80 cm deep), significantly higher than that in any other soil layer, which indicated that carbon was significantly concentrating on the surface layer of the soil. The net carbon sequestration in the natural secondary forests of B. luminifera was 3.58 t/(hm2·a), which was equal to 13.12 t/(hm2·a)CO2, and it proved that the natural secondary forests of B. luminifera was an important sink of atmospheric carbon, and it was quite meaningful to maintain and well manage the present natural secondary forests of B. luminifera.
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基金
收稿日期:2013-06-28 修回日期:2014-01-14
基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201204101-5); 贵州省林业厅重大项目(黔林科合[2010]重大01)
第一作者:高艳平,助理研究员,硕士。 E-mail: gypsygaoyanping@163.com。
引文格式:高艳平,丁访军,潘明亮,等. 贵州西部光皮桦天然次生林碳素积累及分配特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(4):51-56.
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