对桂花访花昆虫种类、访花频率、访花时间、访花行为进行了初步研究。结果发现:桂花的主要访花昆虫有13科18种,隶属于膜翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目、半翅目。其中鳞翅目共有7种,膜翅目6种,双翅目3种,鞘翅目、半翅目各1种。蜂类和食蚜蝇类访花频率高,数量大,为桂花主要的传粉昆虫。访花高峰期为桂花开花的盛花期,停留时间与传粉频率呈负相关关系。日活动规律为双峰型和单峰型,活动高峰期有一定交错。
Abstract
The Osmanthus fragrans(Thunb.)Lour.(Oleaceae)flower visiting insect species and foraging behavior have important significance on the study of the pollination biology and breeding system evolution.Their visiting frequency,visiting duration and behavior were observed and recorded. The results are as follows: the flowers are visited by 18 species of insects which belong to Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera,Diptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera. And there are 7 kinds of insects belonging to Lepidoptera, 6 kinds of insects belonging to Hymenoptera,3 kinds of insects belonging to Diptera, 1 kind of insects belonging to Coleoptera and 1 kind of insects belonging to Hemiptera. The main pollinators are bees and flies,because they have high visiting frequency and large number.The peak visiting frequency appeared in full bloom.The daily activities of the main pollinators appear single-peak type and double-peak type, which indicating a comple-mentary relationship among the pollinators. The visiting frequency and landing time of main pollinating insects showed negative correlation.
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 徐海宾. 赏花指南[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.
[2] 刘玉莲. 南京地区桂花栽培品种研究[J].南京林学院学报, 1985, 9(1): 30-37. Liu Y L.Preliminary study of Osmanthus in Nanjing area [J]. Journal of Nanjing Institute Forestry, 1985, 9(1): 30-37.
[3] 臧德奎. 桂花品种分类研究[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2004. Zang D K. Studies on the cultivar classification of sweet Osmanthus[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University, 2004.
[4] 尚富德. 桂花生物学研究[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2004.Shang F D. A study on the biology of Osmanthus fragrans Lour.[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2004.
[5] 向其柏, 刘玉莲. 中国桂花品种图志[M]. 杭州: 浙江科学技术出版社, 2008.Xiang Q B, Liu Y L. An Illustrated Monograph of the Sweet Osmanthus Cultivars in China[M]. Hangzhou:Zhenjiang Science and Technology Press, 2008.
[6] 杨康民,夏瑞妹,戚五妹. 上海地区桂花品种开花性状的分析研究[J]. 园艺学报, 1989, 16(2): 146-152. Yang K M,Xia R M, Qi W M. Analysis of sweet osmanthus cultivars in Shanghai area[J]. Acta Horticulture Sinica, 1989, 16(2): 146-152.
[7] 郝日明, 赵宏波, 王金虎, 等. 野生桂花繁育系统的观察和研究[J].植物资源与环境学报, 2011, 20(1): 17-24. Hao R M, Zhao H B, Wang J H, et al. Study and research on breeding system of wild Osmanthus fragrans[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2011, 20(1): 17-24.
[8] 张洪伟. 桂花传粉生物学研究[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2013.Zhang H W. Studies on the pollination biology of Osmanthus fragrans Lour.[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2013.
[9] 王金婵,汤晓辛.栽培桂花的传粉——以贵州师范大学为例[J].宁夏农林科技,2013,54(12):25-26:39.Wang J C, Tang X X. Pollination cultivation of sweet scented Osmanthus—Taking Guizhou Normal University as an example[J]. Ningxia Forestry Science and Technology, 2013, 54(12): 25-26,39.
[10] Gentry A H. Flowering phenology and divercity in tropical Bignoniaceae[J]. Biotropica, 1974, 6: 64-68.
[11] 方海涛, 斯琴巴特.蒙古扁桃的花部综合特征与虫媒传粉[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(2):177-181. Fang H T, Seqinbate. Blossom character and insect pollination of Prunnus mongolica Maxin[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26(2): 177-181.
[12] Cruden R W. Reproductive biology of weedy and cultivated Mirabilis(Nyctaginaceae)[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1973, 60: 802-809.
基金
收稿日期:2014-09-10
基金项目:江苏省博士创新基金项目; 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:李稚,硕士。*通信作者:王贤荣,教授,博士。E-mail: wangxianrong66@njfu.edu.cn。
引文格式:李稚,杨国栋,段一凡,等. 桂花访花昆虫及其访花行为观察[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(S1):47-50.
PDF(1339001 KB)
