利用Landsat ETM+遥感影像数据和最大似然分类方法完成了陕西榆林地区2010年土地利用/覆盖分类,并结合1985、1995和2000年的土地利用数据,分析了研究区土地覆盖的时空变化及其对生态脆弱性的影响。结果表明,1985—2010年研究区土地利用/覆盖与景观格局变化所引起的生态脆弱性的空间差异增大。从时间上,研究区林地面积增加,耕地和草地减少,生态保护措施改善了当地土地覆盖状况; 未利用土地和建设用地增加,土地退化现象依然存在,城市化进程不断加剧。从空间上,研究区东南部林地面积增加,土地利用/覆盖结构得到很大改善,而西北部地区矿产资源开发和城市化进程的加剧,导致未利用土地、建设用地增加。景观格局以1995年为转折点,整体景观格局得到了明显的改善。
Abstract
Based on Landsat ETM+ data and maximum likelihood classification, the types of land cover in 2010 was classified in Yulin region. Combined the land use data in 1985, 1995 and 2000, spatial-temporal of land cover and its effect on ecological vulnerability in Yulin region was analyzed. The results showed that the spatial difference of ecological vulnerability which resulted by the change of land cover and landscape ascend during 1985-2010. From temporal sacle, the area of woodland ascended while farmland and grassland descend. Measures of ecological protection had improved the condition of land cover. At the same time, areas of unused land and settlement increased. The land degradation still existed, and the urbanization still strengthen. From spatial scale, the area of woodland increased in the southeastern, and the structure of land cover had improved. By the effect of intensification of mineral development and urbanization, unused land and settlement increased in the northwestern. Landscape pattern showed the year of 1995 was a turning point, the whole landscape pattern was improved obviously since 1995.
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基金
收稿日期:2014-05-10 修回日期:2014-09-25
基金项目:2013年江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划项目(201310298032Z); 南京林业大学高学历人才基金项目(GXL2013032)
第一作者:杨强,讲师。E-mail: cgyqiang@126.com。
引文格式:杨强,王涛. 榆林地区土地利用/覆盖时空变化及其对生态脆弱性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(2):79-83.
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