长白山云冷杉林不同演替阶段树种组成及林下更新研究

郭韦韦; 张青; 亢新刚; 杨英军; 王全军

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.017

郭韦韦,张青,亢新刚,杨英军,王全军

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (01) : 109-116.

PDF(1623 KB)

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

PDF(1623 KB)

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (01) : 109-116. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.017

研究论文

长白山云冷杉林不同演替阶段树种组成及林下更新研究

郭韦韦¹,张青^1*,亢新刚¹,杨英军²,王全军²

作者信息 +

Species composition and characteristics of saplings for spruce-fir forest at different succession stages in Changbai Mountain

GUO Weiwei¹, ZHANG Qing^1*, KANG Xingang¹, YANG Yingjun², WANG Quanjun²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】了解不同演替阶段的森林种群结构及更新状态可以为促进森林群落演替提供理论参考。【方法】基于3块样地数据,分析不同演替阶段的杨桦次生林、云冷杉针阔混交林和云冷杉近原始林内主要乔木树种及幼树的种群结构,并用O-ring单变量统计分析幼树空间分布格局。【结果】随着演替进行,群落内乔木株数逐渐减少,而胸高断面积相反。先锋树种白桦、杨树等逐渐退出群落。3个群落主林层乔木径阶分布均呈倒“J”形,次生林以小径级林木为主,另外两个群落以中、大径级林木居多。3个群落幼树种类单一,白桦、杨树等先锋树种鲜有幼树出现; 云冷杉针阔混交林幼树数量充足,且幼树随地径级呈负指数分布; 次生林内幼树最少,但地径、苗高明显优于其他两个群落。次生林群落幼树以随机分布为主,云冷杉林和近原始林中冷杉、云杉及色木幼树在小尺度呈明显的聚集分布,随尺度增大多呈均匀或随机分布。【结论】杨桦次生林和云冷杉针阔混交林处于正向演替进程中,而近原始林树种结构不合理,更新较差,应采取择伐等经营措施调整其结构,促进林分发展。

Abstract

【Objective】Understanding the structure characteristics of dominant tree species and their saplings during forest succession stages had an important role in forest restoration and forest management.【Method】On the basis of analysis on three forest types(poplar-birch secondary forest, spruce-fir mixed forest and spruce-fir near pristine forest)at different succession stages in Changbai Mountain, the important value and the univariate O-ring function statistic were used to analyze the dominance and spatial patterns of the main tree species and their saplings. 【Result】The numbers of adult tree were decreasing gradually with the succession,which was opposite to basal area. Pioneer species, such as Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana, would disappear from the community gradually. Tree diameter distribution showed the reverse J-shape form in all types, most part of trees had small diameter at breast height(DBH)in poplar-birch secondary forest while trees with intermediary and large diameter dominated the other two types. Species of saplings were less and saplings for pioneer species rarely appeared, spruce-fir mixed forest had sufficient saplings with negative exponential distribution. The amount of sapling in secondary forest was the least, but basal diameter and height of saplings were significantly better than the other two types. Most of saplings in secondary forest were randomly distributed. However, saplings in spruce-fir mixed forest and spruce-fir near pristine forest were clumped significantly in 0-5 m scales, then they were distributed uniformly or randomly with scales increase. 【Conclusion】Poplar-birch secondary forest and spruce-fir mixed forest are in the process of positive forest succession, while the structure of the spruce-fir near pristine forest is unreasonable and the forest regeneration is poor. Measures like selective cutting should be taken to provide a more suitable environment for saplings and promote the process of forest succession.

引用本文

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

导出引用

郭韦韦,张青,亢新刚,杨英军,王全军. 长白山云冷杉林不同演替阶段树种组成及林下更新研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2017, 41(01): 109-116 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.017

GUO Weiwei, ZHANG Qing, KANG Xingang, YANG Yingjun, WANG Quanjun. Species composition and characteristics of saplings for spruce-fir forest at different succession stages in Changbai Mountain[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2017, 41(01): 109-116 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.017

中图分类号： S757

参考文献

[1] 曲仲湘, 吴玉树, 王焕校. 植物生态学[M]. 2版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1984:206-224.
[2] MARIMON B S, FELFILI J M, LIMA E D S, et al. Environmental determinants for natural regeneration of gallery forest at the Cerrado/Amazonia boundaries in Brazil [J], Acta Amazonica, 2010, 40(1): 107-118. DOI:10.1590/s0044-59672010000100014.
[3] METSLAID M, ILISSON T, VICENTE M, et al. Growth of advance regeneration of Norway spruce after clear-cutting [J]. Tree Physiol, 2005, 25(7): 793-801.DOI:10.1093/treephys/25.7.793.
[4] 韩有志, 王政权. 森林更新与空间异质性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(5): 615-619.DOI:10.3321/j.issn.1001-9332-2002.05.024. HAN Y Z, WANG Z Q. Spatial heterogeneity and forest regeneration [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002, 13(5): 615-619.
[5] FISAHA G, HUNDERA K, DALLE G. Woody plants’ diversity, structural analysis and regeneration status of Wof Washa natural forest, north-east Ethiopia [J]. African Journal of Ecology, 2013, 51(4): 599-608.DOI:10.1111/aje.12071.
[6] 金永焕, 谷会岩, 申光日, 等. 长白山区天然红松阔叶林乔木种多样性变化[J]. 山地学报, 2004, 22(1): 59-65. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2004.01.011. JIN Y H, GU H Y, SHEN G R, et al. Diversity dynamics of arborous species of natural broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain [J].Journal of Mountain Science, 2004, 22(1): 59-65.
[7] 吉林森林编辑委员会. 吉林森林[M]. 长春: 吉林省科学技术出版社, 1988: 231-245.
[8] 张会儒, 汤孟平. 金沟岭林场混交林TWINSPAN分类及演替序列分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 33(1): 37-42. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2009.01.008. ZHANG H R, TANG M P. Classification and succession analysis of mixed forest in Jingouling Forest Farm using the TWINSPAN method[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2009, 33(1): 37-42.
[9] 李冰, 樊金拴, 车小强. 我国天然云冷杉针阔混交林结构特征、更新特点及经营管理[J]. 世界林业研究, 2012, 25(3): 43-49. LI B, FAN J S, CHE X Q. A review of studies on structural features, regeneration features and management of natural spruce-fir mixed stand of coniferous and broadleaved trees in China [J]. World Forestry Research, 2012, 25(3): 43-49.
[10] 龚直文, 亢新刚, 顾丽, 等. 长白山杨桦次生林生长过程与演替动向分析[J]. 林业科学研究,2009, 22(3): 379-384. DOI:10.3321/j.issn.1001-1498.2009.03.012.. GONG Z W, KANG X G, GU L, et al. Growth process and succession trend of polar-birch secondary forests in Changbai Mountains, northeastern China [J]. Forest Research,2009, 22(3): 379-384.
[11] 张春雨, 赵秀海, 赵亚洲. 长白山温带森林不同演替阶段群落结构特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(6): 1090-1100.DOI:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.06.009. ZHANG C Y, ZHAO X H, ZHAO Y Z. Community structure in different successional stages in north temperate forests of Changbai Mountains, China [J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(6): 1090-1100.
[12] 杜志, 亢新刚, 包昱君, 等. 长白山云冷杉林不同演替阶段的树种空间分布格局及其关联性[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2012, 34(2): 14-19. DU Z, KANG X G, BAO Y J, et al. Spatial distribution patterns and associations of tree species during different succession in spruce-fir forests of Changbai Mountains, northeastern China [J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2012, 34(2): 14-19.
[13] 张梦弢, 张青, 亢新刚, 等. 长白山云冷杉林不同演替阶段群落稳定性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(6): 1609-1616. ZHANG M T, ZHANG Q, KANG X G, et al. Community stability for spruce-fir forest at different succession stages in Changbai Mountains, northeast China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(6): 1609-1616.
[14] 赵浩彦. 长白山云冷杉林幼树结构和生长动态分析[ D ]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2012. ZHAO H Y. The analysis of structure and growth dynamic of saplings in spruce-fir forest in Changbai Mountain [D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2012.
[15] 杨修. 长白山暗针叶林林隙一般特征及干扰状况[J]. 生态学报, 2002, 22(11): 1825-1831. DOI:10.3321/j.issn.1000-0933.2002.11.005. YANG X. Gap characteristics and disturbance regime in a dark coniferous forest in Changbai Mountain areas [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2002, 22(11): 1825-1831.
[16] 康华靖, 陈子林, 刘鹏, 等. 大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(1): 389-396. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.01.045. KANG H J, CHEN Z L, LIU P, et al. The population structure and distribution pattern of Emmenopterys henryi in Dapanshan Natural Reserve of Zhejiang Province [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(1): 389-396.
[17] RIPLEY B D. Modelling spatial pattern [J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B(Methodological), 1977, 39(2): 172-212.
[18] WIEGAND T, MOLONEY K A. Rings, circles, and Null-Models for point pattern analysis in ecology [J]. Oikos, 2004, 104: 209-229. DOI:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12497.x.
[19] STOYAN D, HELGA S. Fractals, random shapes and point fields: methods of geometrical statistics [M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994.
[20] 张曼, 高兴九, 孙海静, 等. 冀北山地杨桦次生林不同林层的空间结构特征[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2014, 42(9): 33-38.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2014.09.008. ZHANG M, GAO X J, SUN H J, et al. Spatial structure characteristic of different storey in secondary polar-birch forest in the mountainous region of northern Hebei [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2014, 42(9): 33-38.
[21] 高甲荣, 肖斌, 陈海滨, 等. 秦岭山地云杉林结构特征与更新动态的研究[J]. 林业科学, 2000, 36(S1): 104-109. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2000.Z1.015. GAO J R, XIAO B, CHEN H B, et al. Study on the structure characteristics and regeneration dynamics of Chinese spruce forests in Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2000, 36(S1): 104-109.
[22] 徐振邦, 代力民, 陈吉泉, 等. 长白山红松阔叶混交林森林天然更新条件的研究[J]. 生态学报, 2001, 21(9): 1413-1420. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2001.09.003. XU Z B, DAI L M, CHEN J Q, et al. Natural regeneration condition in Pinus koraiensis broad-leaved mixed forest [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2001, 21(9): 1413-1420.
[23] 高妍夏, 康冰, 迪玮峙, 等. 秦岭中段红桦次生林更新特征研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 41(1): 163-169.DOI:10.3321/j.issn.1671-9387.2013.01. GAO Y X, KANG B, DI W Z, et al. Regeneration characteristics of Betula albo-sinensis secondary forests in the middle range of Qinling Mountains [J]. Journal of Northwest A & F University(Natural Science Edition), 2013, 41(1): 163-169.
[24] KOHYAMA T. Size-structured tree populations in gap-dynamic forest-the forest architecture hypothesis for the stable coexistence of species [J]. The Journal of Ecology, 1993, 81(1): 131-143. DOI:10.2307/2261230.
[25] 张志东, 毛培利, 刘玉虹, 等. 林分结构对烟台黑松海岸防护林天然更新的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(8): 2205-2211. ZHANG Z D, MAO P L, LIU Y H, et al. Effects of structure on natural regeneration of Pinus thunbergii coastal shelter forest in Yantai region [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(8): 2205-2211.
[26] 张国春. 长白山阔叶红松林红松更新与生长规律[D].北京: 北京林业大学, 2011. ZHANG G C. Regeneration and growth of Pinus koraiensis in broadleaved Korean pine forest of Changbai Mountain [D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2011.
[27] AUSSENAC G. Interactions between forest stands and microclimate: ecophysiological aspects and consequences for silviculture [J]. Annals of Forest Science, 2000, 57(3): 287-301.DOI:10.1051/forest.2000119.
[28] 陈贝贝. 长白山不同演替阶段林分乔木幼苗组成与分布[D].北京: 北京林业大学, 2013. CHEN B B. Composition and spatial distribution of tree seedlings in different succession stages forests of Changbai Mountain[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2013.
[29] 李景侠, 张文辉. 巴山冷杉种群结构及空间分布格局的研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2001, 29(5): 115-118. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1671-9387.2001.05.029. LI J X, ZHANG W H. Study on Abies fargesii population structure and spatial pattern [J]. Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition), 2001, 29(5): 115-118.