西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (02): 89-96.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006

西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化

廖承锐¹,吕国屏¹,王涛²,徐雁南^1*,李海东^2*

1.南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037; 2.环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京 210042

出版日期:2018-04-12 发布日期:2018-04-12
基金资助:
基金项目:环境保护部南京环境科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项项目(GYZX170201); 地理国情监测国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室项目(2016NGCMZD01); 西藏山南生态监测站2017年度监测任务项目; 国家自然科学基金项目(41301611); 江苏省林业“三新”工程项目(Lysx[2015]19) 第一作者:廖承锐(450216542@qq.com),博士生。*通信作者:徐雁南(nfuxyn@126.com),教授,负责文章框架审定和指导文章数据分析; 李海东(lihd2020

Plant species diversity of vegetation restoration of moving sandy land on flood plain in Tibet, China

LIAO Chengrui¹, LYU Guoping¹, WANG Tao², XU Yannan^1*, LI Haidong^2*

1. Co-Innovation Centre for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; 2.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China

Online:2018-04-12 Published:2018-04-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析在河滩流动沙地上不同地面处理措施对沙地植被恢复的影响,为雅鲁藏布江中游河滩流动沙地的植被恢复工作提供依据。【方法】在雅鲁藏布江中游河滩流动沙地的多年植被恢复试验中,进行不同地面处理措施下各流动沙丘恢复植被的植物种组成和生长状况的野外实地调查,分析物种丰富度、α多样性的变化特征,同时结合2011年、2016年对试验地植物优势种的抽样调查,探讨了不同处理条件下沙地植被恢复情况。【结果】2008年以来,雅鲁藏布江中游河滩流动沙地植被恢复的存活植物种数可达10种,花棒、籽蒿和藏沙蒿在个体数量与生长状况上均优于其他植物种,且不同处理措施间植物的生长与物种多样性存在一定的差异,秸秆沙障植物物种数量最多,而植株生长状况对照较好。物种多样性则表现为石方格及塑料方格>秸秆沙障>无处理措施。【结论】花棒、籽蒿和藏沙蒿可以作为河滩流动沙地植被早期演替阶段的先锋植物。在植被恢复过程中,秸秆沙障既能保证物种多样性的水平,同时利于植物生长; 但在人类活动干扰较为严重的区域,则可以铺设石方格及塑料方格,以提高植物多样性,进而促进植被生态系统的稳定,增强沙地植被恢复潜力。

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of different conditions on the species diversity and status of vegetation restoration were discussed to provide scientific methods for vegetation restoration of moving sandy lands on flood plains in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China.【Method】Combined with the survey on plant species in 2011 and 2016, the species composition and growth conditions of vegetation restoration on sand dunes were investigated for different ground treatments, and variations in species richness, α diversity were analyzed in detail for the moving sandy lands on the flood plains of the Brahmaputra River.【Result】 There are 10 species that have survived since 2008 in this experiment. Hedysarum scoparium, Artemisia sphaerocephala and Artemisia wellbyi have larger individual numbers and better growth statuses than the other species. While there are some differences between different treatments, treatment with sand-protecting straw barriers produce the maximum individual numbers of plants; however, the vegetative growth is best without treatment. The species diversity is in the following order: stone and plastic checkerboard barriers > sand-protecting straw barriers > blank control.【Conclusion】 H. scoparium, A. sphaerocephala and A. wellbyi can be used as pioneer plants in the early successional stages of the vegetation restoration of moving sandy lands on flood plains. Sand-protecting straw barriers can not only guarantee the best level of species diversity, but also benefit the growth of plants during the vegetation restoration process. In areas of serious disturbance by human activities, stone and plastic checkerboard barriers could be built in order to increase the species diversity, promote vegetation ecosystem stability, and enhance the vegetation restoration potential.

中图分类号:

S72
X171.4

廖承锐,吕国屏,王涛,等. 西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 42(02): 89-96.

LIAO Chengrui, LYU Guoping, WANG Tao, XU Yannan, LI Haidong. Plant species diversity of vegetation restoration of moving sandy land on flood plain in Tibet, China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2018, 42(02): 89-96.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006.

参考文献

[1] 董世魁,汤琳,张相锋,等.高寒草地植物物种多样性与功能多样性的关系[J].生态学报, 2017,37(5):1472-1483. DOI:10.5846/stxb201509281981. DONG S K, TANG L, ZHANG X F, et al. Relationship between plant species diversity and functional diversity in alpine grasslands[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(5): 1472-1483.
[2] 杨洪晓, 卢琦, 吴波, 等. 高寒沙区植被人工修复与种子植物物种多样性的变化[J]. 林业科学, 2004, 40(5): 45-49. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2004.05.007. YANG H X, LU Q, WU B, et al. Changes of plant species diversity in the process of human-induced vegetation restoration in sandy lands of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2004, 40(5): 45-49.
[3] 王芸, 欧阳志云, 郑华, 等. 南方红壤区 3 种典型森林恢复方式对植物群落多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报,2013, 33(4): 1204-1211. DOI:10.5846/stxb201207080956. WANG Y, OU YAN Z Y, ZHENG H, et al. Effects of three forest restoration approaches on plant diversity in red soil region, Southern China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(4): 1204-1211.
[4] BANDEIRA B, JAMET J L, JAMET D, et al. Mathematical convergences of biodiversity indices[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2013, 29: 522-528. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.028.
[5] 彭东海, 侯晓龙, 何宗明, 等. 金尾矿废弃地不同植被恢复阶段物种多样性与土壤特性的演变[J]. 水土保持学报, 2016, 30(1): 159-164. DOI:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2016.01.030. PENG D H, HOU X L, HE Z M, et al.Evolution of species diversity and soil characteristics at different stages of vegetation restoration in gold tailings[J]. Journal of Soil & Water Conservation, 2016, 30(1): 159-164.
[6] VAN DER PUTTEN W H, MORTIMER S R, HEDLUND K, et al. Plant species diversity as a driver of early succession in abandoned fields: a multi-site approach[J]. Oecologia, 2000, 124(1): 91-99. DOI:10.1007/s004420050028.
[7] LOUCKS O L. Evolutionof diversity, efficiency, and community stability[J]. American Zoologist, 1970, 10(1): 17-25. DOI:10.1093/icb/10.1.17.
[8] AUCLAIR A N, GOFF F G. Diversity relations of upland forests in the western Great Lakes area[J]. The American Naturalist, 1971, 105(946): 499-528. DOI:10.1086/282742.
[9] BAZZAZ F A. Plant species diversity in old-field successional ecosystems in Southern Illinois[J]. Ecology, 1975, 56(2): 485-488. DOI:10.2307/1934981.
[10] WESTMAN W E. Diversity relations and succession in Californian coastal sage scrub[J]. Ecology, 1981, 62(1): 170-184. DOI:10.2307/1936680.
[11] 王凯博, 陈美玲, 秦娟, 等. 子午岭植被自然演替中植物多样性变化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J]. 西北植物学报, 2007, 27(10): 2089-2096. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2007.10.025. WANG K B, CHEN M L, QIN J, et al. Plant species diversity and therelation with soil properties in natural succession process in Ziwuling area[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2007, 27(10): 2089-2096.
[12] 刘志民. 西藏日喀则固沙植物引种的比较研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 1996, 16(3): 326-330. LIU Z M. A comparative study of introduced plant species for fixing sand dune at Xigaze in Tibet[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 1996, 16(3): 326-330.
[13] 刘志民, 高红瑛, 蒋德明. 西藏日喀则流沙固定的几个问题[J]. 中国沙漠, 2003, 23(6): 665-669. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-694X.2003.06.013. LIU Z M, GAO H Y, JIANG D M. Issues concerning shifting sand stabilization at Xigaze, Tibet[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003, 23(6): 665-669.
[14] 沈渭寿, 李海东, 林乃峰, 等. 雅鲁藏布江高寒河谷流动沙地适生植物种筛选和恢复效果[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(17):5609-5618. DOI:10.5846/stxb201112201940. SHEN W S, LI H D, LIN N F, et al. Screening trial for the suitable plant species growing on sand dunes in the alpine valley and its recovery status in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin of Tibet, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(17): 5609-5618.
[15] 沈渭寿. 雅鲁藏布江中部流域沙地植的分类和排离[J]. 中国沙漠, 1997, 17(3): 269-273. SHEN W S. Classification and sorting of the psammophytic vegetation in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River basin, Tibet[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 1997, 17(3): 269-273.
[16] 吴海锋, 鹿化煜, 张瀚之, 等. 雅鲁藏布江中游 12 kaBP 前后的黄土堆积及其气候意义[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(3): 616-622. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00172. WU H F, LU H Y, ZHANG H Z, et al. A climate event at about 12 ka BP revealed by loess deposit in middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River, southern Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2016, 36(3): 616-622.
[17] 李海东, 沈渭寿, 林乃峰, 等. 雅鲁藏布江中游河岸交错带沙地土壤水分的空间异质性[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(6): 150-155. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.06.025. LI H D, SHEN W S, LIN N F, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture on aeolian sandy land in riparian ecotone of middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River Valley[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(6): 150-155.
[18] 李海东, 沈渭寿, 燕守广, 等. 高寒河谷流动沙地生境因子变化及其对播种期的影响[J]. 山地学报, 2013(6): 647-655. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2013.06.002. LI H D, SHEN W S, YAN S G, et al. Variations of habitat factors on sand dunes in the alpine valley and its influences on the best sowing period[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2013, 31(6): 647-655.
[19] 王国严, 方江平, 许新勇, 等. 雅鲁藏布江中游干旱沙地砂生槐种群结构与点格局分析[J]. 中国沙漠, 2010, 30(5): 1092-1098. WANG G Y, FANG J P, XU X Y, et al. Population structure and spatial point pattern of sophora moorcroftiana in arid sandy land in the middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2010, 30(5): 1092-1098.
[20] 李海东, 沈渭寿, 方颖, 等. 雅鲁藏布江中游河岸带几种主要沙生植物种群点格局分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(8): 834-843. DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00834. LI H D, SHEN W S, FANG Y, et al. Point pattern analysis of several psammophyte populations in the riparian ecotone in the middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River of Tibet, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(8): 834-843.
[21] 李海东, 秦卫华, 张涛, 等. 西藏高寒河谷流动沙地植被恢复潜力综合评价模型[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(16): 220-228. DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.16.029 LI H D, QIN W H, ZHANG T, et al. Comprehensive evaluation model for revegetation potentiality on moving sandy land in alpine valley of Tibet, China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(16): 220-228.
[22] 张艳福, 姚卫杰, 郭其强, 等. 干旱胁迫对砂生槐种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 43(10): 45-56. DOI:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2015.10.007. ZHANG Y F, YAO W J, GUO Q Q, et al. Effect of drought stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Sophora moorcroftiana[J]. Journal of Northwest A & F University(Natural Science Edition), 2015, 43(10): 45-56.
[23] 王国华, 赵文智. 梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)种子密度对萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015(5): 1248-1253. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00127. WANG G H, ZHAO W Z. Effects of seed density on the germination and seedling growth of Haloxylon ammodendron[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2015(5): 1248-1253.
[24] 沈渭寿, 李海东. 雅鲁藏布江流域风沙化土地遥感监测与生态恢复研究[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2012.
[25] 杨洪晓, 张金屯, 吴波, 等. 毛乌素沙地油蒿种群点格局分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(4): 563-570. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1005-264X.2006.04.004. YANG H X, ZHANG J T, WU B, et al. Point pattern analysis of artemisia ordosica population in the Mu Us sandy land[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(4): 563-570.
[26] MAGURRAN A E. Why diversity?[J]. Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement, 1988: 1-5. DOI:10.1007/978-94-015-7358-0_1.
[27] 马克平, 刘玉明. 生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰ α 多样性的测度方法:下[J]. 生物多样性, 1994, 2(4): 231-239. MA K P, LIU Y M. Measurement of biotic community diversity I a diversity: Part 2[J]. Biodiversity Science, 1994, 2(4): 231-239.
[28] DIETRICH A L, NILSSON C, JANSSON R. Restoration effects on germination and survival of plants in the riparian zone: a phytometer study[J]. Plant Ecology, 2015, 216(3): 465-477. DOI:10.1007/s11258-015-0450-3.
[29] TULLOS D D, PENROSE D L, JENNINGS G D, et al. Analysis of functional traits in reconfigured channels: implications for the bioassessment and disturbance of river restoration[J]. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 2009, 28(1): 80-92. DOI:10.1899/07-122.1.
[30] CATFORD J A, DAEHLER C C, MURPHY H T, et al. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis and plant invasions: implications for species richness and management[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2012, 14(3): 231-241. DOI:10.1016/j.ppees.2011.12.002.
[31] MUOTKA T, SYRJÄNEN J. Changes in habitat structure, benthic invertebrate diversity, trout populations and ecosystem processes in restored forest streams: a boreal perspective[J]. Freshwater Biology, 2007, 52(4): 724-737. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01727.x.
[32] 陈芙蓉, 程积民, 刘伟, 等. 不同干扰对黄土区典型草原物种多样性和生物量的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(9): 2856-2866. DOI:10.5846/stxb201201140085. CHEN F R, CHENG J M, LIU W, et al. Effects of different disturbances on diversity and biomass of communities in the typical steppe of loess region[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(9): 2856-2866.
[33] DANIN A, BAR-OR Y, DOR I, et al. The role of cyanobacteria in stabilization of sand dunes in southern Israel[J]. Ecologia Mediterranea, 1989, 15(1/2): 55-64.
[34] 马全林, 王继和, 詹科杰, 等. 塑料方格沙障的固沙原理及其推广应用前景[J]. 水土保持学报, 2005, 19(1): 36-39. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1009-2242.2005.01.010. MA Q L, WANG J H, ZHAN K J, et al. Study on fixing sand principals of plastic checkerboard sand-barrier and its potential application[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2005, 19(1): 36-39.
[35] 董智, 李红丽, 汪季, 等. 土工格栅沙障防风积沙效应风洞模拟实验[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2007, 5(1):35-39. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3007.2007.01.007. DONG Z, LI H L, WANG J, et al. Wind tunnel test on effect of controlling windand deposited sand of geogrid sand-barrier[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2007, 5(1): 35-39.
[36] DREES L R, MANU A, WILDING L P. Characteristics of aeolian dusts in Niger, West Africa[J]. Geoderma, 1993, 59(1): 213-233. DOI:10.1016/0016-7061(93)90070-2.
[37] MIAO R, JIANG D, MUSA A, et al. Effectiveness of shrub planting and grazing exclusion on degraded sandy grassland restoration in Horqin sandy land in Inner Mongolia[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2015, 74: 164-173. DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.004.
[38] 彭少麟. 南亚热带退化生态系统恢复和重建的生态学理论和应用[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 1996, 4(3): 36-44. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3395.1996.3.006. PENG S L. Restoration ecology theories and their application in lowsubtropics[J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 1996, 4(3): 36-44.

西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化

Plant species diversity of vegetation restoration of moving sandy land on flood plain in Tibet, China

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

作者

读者

审稿

[1]	马坛, 田野, 王书军, 李文昊, 段启英, 张庆源. 不同性别南方型黑杨无性系叶片对土壤短期间歇性干旱的生理响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 172-180.
[2]	丰伟, 单昌丹, 张慧, 刘家蔓, 柳国昂, 姚增玉. 施肥方式和施肥量对华山松幼苗生长及针叶营养状况的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 191-198.
[3]	王改萍, 章雷, 曹福亮, 丁延朋, 赵群, 赵慧琴, 王峥. 红蓝光质对银杏苗木生长生理特性及黄酮积累的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(2): 105-112.
[4]	宋子琪, 卞国良, 林峰, 胡凤荣, 尚旭岚. 流式细胞仪鉴定青钱柳倍性方法的建立及其应用[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(2): 61-68.
[5]	孙旭高, 陶家璐, 谢微, 石洁, 张宝津, 邓小梅. 米老排优树组培技术体系优化研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(2): 69-78.
[6]	魏静, 谭星, 王昌盛, 闫瑞, 李林珂, 宁月, 刘芸. 引种美国红枫在两种紫色土区的生长和光合特性比较[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 97-105.
[7]	陆启帆, 林上平, 刘胜辉, 郑翔, 毕毓芳, 肖子璋, 姜姜, 王安可, 杜旭华. 施肥对毛竹林产量影响的Meta分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 88-96.
[8]	顾宸瑞, 袁启航, 姜静, 穆怀志, 刘桂丰. 基于转录组测序的关联分析定位裂叶桦叶形调控基因[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 39-46.
[9]	杨蕴力, 曹俐, 王阳, 顾宸瑞, 陈坤, 刘桂丰. BpGLK1基因干扰表达对裂叶桦叶色及生长的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 18-28.
[10]	王伟, 邱志楠, 李爽, 白向东, 刘桂丰, 姜静. CRISPR/Cas9核糖核蛋白介导的无T-DNA插入的白桦BpGLK1精准突变[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 11-17.
[11]	国颖, 杨港归, 吴雨涵, 何杰, 何玉洁, 廖浩然, 薛良交. DNA甲基化调控植物组织培养过程的分子机制研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 1-8.
[12]	陈俊娜, 王晓宇, 陈晨, 彭辉武, 陈娟, 黄卫和, 喻方圆. BR对东京野茉莉种子中脂肪酸合成相关酶活性及油脂积累的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 35-41.
[13]	宫楠, 祖鑫, 解志军, 朱长红, 李淑娴. 紫荆种子吸胀和层积过程中不同相态水分变化的核磁共振检测[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 42-50.
[14]	王章荣, 季孔庶, 徐立安, 邹秉章, 林能庆, 林景泉. 马尾松实生种子园营建技术、现实增益及多世代低成本经营新模式探讨[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 9-16.
[15]	欧阳, 欧阳芳群, 孙猛, 王超, 王军辉, 安三平, 王丽芳, 许娜, 王猛. 欧洲云杉无性系幼龄生长节律、年度和密度互作效应及选择策略[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 95-104.