西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化

廖承锐; 吕国屏; 王涛; 徐雁南; 李海东

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006

廖承锐,吕国屏,王涛,徐雁南,李海东

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (02) : 89-96.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (02) : 89-96. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006

研究论文

西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化

廖承锐¹,吕国屏¹,王涛²,徐雁南^1*,李海东^2*

作者信息 +

Plant species diversity of vegetation restoration of moving sandy land on flood plain in Tibet, China

LIAO Chengrui¹, LYU Guoping¹, WANG Tao², XU Yannan^1*, LI Haidong^2*

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文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】分析在河滩流动沙地上不同地面处理措施对沙地植被恢复的影响,为雅鲁藏布江中游河滩流动沙地的植被恢复工作提供依据。【方法】在雅鲁藏布江中游河滩流动沙地的多年植被恢复试验中,进行不同地面处理措施下各流动沙丘恢复植被的植物种组成和生长状况的野外实地调查,分析物种丰富度、α多样性的变化特征,同时结合2011年、2016年对试验地植物优势种的抽样调查,探讨了不同处理条件下沙地植被恢复情况。【结果】2008年以来,雅鲁藏布江中游河滩流动沙地植被恢复的存活植物种数可达10种,花棒、籽蒿和藏沙蒿在个体数量与生长状况上均优于其他植物种,且不同处理措施间植物的生长与物种多样性存在一定的差异,秸秆沙障植物物种数量最多,而植株生长状况对照较好。物种多样性则表现为石方格及塑料方格>秸秆沙障>无处理措施。【结论】花棒、籽蒿和藏沙蒿可以作为河滩流动沙地植被早期演替阶段的先锋植物。在植被恢复过程中,秸秆沙障既能保证物种多样性的水平,同时利于植物生长; 但在人类活动干扰较为严重的区域,则可以铺设石方格及塑料方格,以提高植物多样性,进而促进植被生态系统的稳定,增强沙地植被恢复潜力。

Abstract

【Objective】 The effects of different conditions on the species diversity and status of vegetation restoration were discussed to provide scientific methods for vegetation restoration of moving sandy lands on flood plains in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China.【Method】Combined with the survey on plant species in 2011 and 2016, the species composition and growth conditions of vegetation restoration on sand dunes were investigated for different ground treatments, and variations in species richness, α diversity were analyzed in detail for the moving sandy lands on the flood plains of the Brahmaputra River.【Result】 There are 10 species that have survived since 2008 in this experiment. Hedysarum scoparium, Artemisia sphaerocephala and Artemisia wellbyi have larger individual numbers and better growth statuses than the other species. While there are some differences between different treatments, treatment with sand-protecting straw barriers produce the maximum individual numbers of plants; however, the vegetative growth is best without treatment. The species diversity is in the following order: stone and plastic checkerboard barriers > sand-protecting straw barriers > blank control.【Conclusion】 H. scoparium, A. sphaerocephala and A. wellbyi can be used as pioneer plants in the early successional stages of the vegetation restoration of moving sandy lands on flood plains. Sand-protecting straw barriers can not only guarantee the best level of species diversity, but also benefit the growth of plants during the vegetation restoration process. In areas of serious disturbance by human activities, stone and plastic checkerboard barriers could be built in order to increase the species diversity, promote vegetation ecosystem stability, and enhance the vegetation restoration potential.

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廖承锐,吕国屏,王涛,徐雁南,李海东. 西藏河滩流动沙地植被恢复及物种多样性变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2018, 42(02): 89-96 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006

LIAO Chengrui, LYU Guoping, WANG Tao, XU Yannan, LI Haidong. Plant species diversity of vegetation restoration of moving sandy land on flood plain in Tibet, China[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2018, 42(02): 89-96 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201705006

中图分类号： S72 X171.4

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基金

基金项目:环境保护部南京环境科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项项目(GYZX170201); 地理国情监测国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室项目(2016NGCMZD01); 西藏山南生态监测站2017年度监测任务项目; 国家自然科学基金项目(41301611); 江苏省林业“三新”工程项目(Lysx[2015]19) 第一作者:廖承锐(450216542@qq.com),博士生。*通信作者:徐雁南(nfuxyn@126.com),教授,负责文章框架审定和指导文章数据分析; 李海东(lihd2020