南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (04): 117-124.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201805065

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市游憩型公共开放空间服务能力的测度——以南京市中心城区为例

毕 晨,张金光,吕梦竹,赵 兵*   

  1. (南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏 南京 210037)
  • 出版日期:2019-07-22 发布日期:2019-07-22
  • 基金资助:
    收稿日期:2018-05-25 修回日期:2018-10-29 基金项目:江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD); 国家林业局软课题(2016-R32)。 第一作者:毕晨(957063098@qq.com)。*通信作者:赵兵(zhbn10118@njfu.edu.cn),教授,ORCID(0000-0002-1281-6360)。

Measurement of service capacity of urban recreational public open space: taking the central urban area of Nanjing as an example

BI Chen, ZHANG Jinguang, Lü Mengzhu, ZHAO Bing*   

  1. (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)
  • Online:2019-07-22 Published:2019-07-22

摘要: 【目的】基于行政区—街道—居住区尺度,剖析公共开放空间社会游憩服务本质并针对性地提出其服务优化策略。【方法】借助GIS、RS技术,以南京市中心城区游憩型公共开放空间为研究对象,分别从公共开放空间服务供给能力、居民游憩需求以及交通渠道3个方面,根据可达性相关指标定量化分析其服务能力。【结果】①供给侧:研究区公共开放空间数量略显不足且分布较为不均衡,结合人口分布表现为老城区服务效率较高、边缘区域则较差。②需求侧:结合人口分布,老城区80.15%的居住区属于游憩需求冷点地区,边缘地区需求热点则较多。③4种交通方式下公共开放空间可达性差异明显:机动车可达性最佳; 其次为非机动车和公共交通; 步行可达性最差,仅有35.13%的居民可以在20 min内步行到达临近的公共开放空间。【结论】从供需双向出发评价公共开放空间游憩绩效水平,并结合城市总体规划和居民游憩需求合理布局以及构建慢行系统3个方面提出了优化策略。研究结果能缓解当前以南京为代表的密集型城市中游憩空间供给不足与居民生活休闲需求激增之间的矛盾,并对接南京市新一轮总体规划的编制,为城乡规划实践提供参考。

Abstract: 【Objective】Based on three scales of administrative district, street and residential area,we evaluated the capacity of urban public open space social services and put forward strategies to optimize their service capacity.【Method】By using the network analysis of GIS and RS technology, the public open space(POS)in the central urban area of Nanjing was used as the research object. From the public open space service supply capacity, residents’ recreation demand and transportation channels, its social service capability was evaluated using the accessibility index. For example, C1 the rate of service population, C2 the ratio of service area, and C3 public open space per capita were examined.【Result】① Supply side:the number of public open spaces in the study area was relatively small,and their distributions were unbalanced. Combined with population distribution, we showed that the service efficiency of public open space is higher in central urban areas as compared with that of marginal areas.②Demand side:combined with residential socioeconomic status(SES)study, we found that 80.15% of main urban areas had low demand for recreation areas,while marginal areas had higher demands. ③ Transportation: we examined daily travel mode of residents, and found that there is a significant difference in accessibility among various modes of transport, accessibility of motor vehicle was the best, followed by the non-motor vehicles and public transportation, and walking accessibility was the worst; only 35.13% of the residents could arrive to the nearest public open space on foot within 20 minutes. 【Conclusion】This paper evaluates the level of public open space recreation performance from the two-way point of view of supply and demand, and puts forward optimization strategies from three aspects: overall urban planning, residents’ recreation needs, and construction of the slow traffic systems. The research results can alleviate the contradiction between the lack of supply of recreational space and the surge in the demand for better living of residents, especially the intensive cities represented by Nanjing. Mean while, it also can be used for the new round Nanjing urban planning and provide reference for relevant planning practices.

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