入侵植物节节麦种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐碱胁迫的响应

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201907013

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 167-173.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201907013

入侵植物节节麦种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐碱胁迫的响应

王宁¹(), 袁美丽²

1.河南科技大学林学院,河南洛阳 471023
2.洛阳市隋唐城遗址植物园,河南洛阳 471002

收稿日期:2019-07-10 修回日期:2020-03-09 出版日期:2020-10-30 发布日期:2020-10-30
基金资助:
河南省自然科学基金项目(182300410092)

Seed germination and seedling growth responses of invasive alien plant Aegilops tauschii to saline-alkali stress

WANG Ning¹(), YUAN Meili²

1. College of Forestry,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China
2. The Sui & Tang Dynasties Relics Botanic Garden of Luoyang,Luoyang 471002,China;

Received:2019-07-10 Revised:2020-03-09 Online:2020-10-30 Published:2020-10-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】节节麦入侵已严重威胁到我国小麦的安全生产,探明节节麦对盐碱生境的适应能力,为节节麦入侵扩散的进一步预测提供参考。【方法】研究了不同浓度[0(CK)、50、100、150和200 mmol/L] NaCl和Na₂CO₃胁迫对节节麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。【结果】①随着两种盐处理液浓度的增加,节节麦种子发芽率、胚芽及胚根长度均呈持续下降的变化。当处理液分别达到150及100 mmol/L时,NaCl和Na₂CO₃胁迫中节节麦种子发芽率与CK差异显著,至200 mmol/L时,Na₂CO₃处理的种子不发芽。此外,相同浓度条件下,Na₂CO₃胁迫中发芽和生长指标均明显低于NaCl处理;②盐碱胁迫中,随处理液浓度的增加,节节麦脯氨酸含量和SOD活性呈显著增加的变化,而相对电导率和MDA含量在低浓度盐碱处理中较CK增加不显著,之后在高浓度的处理中则呈急剧增加的变化。由此表明,节节麦能够通过自身调节适应一定范围的盐碱胁迫。此外,相同盐处理浓度条件下,Na₂CO₃处理的上述指标均明显高于NaCl处理。【结论】综合分析表明,节节麦对盐碱生境具有一定的适应能力,而Na₂CO₃对其种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制作用大于NaCl。

关键词: 节节麦, 盐碱胁迫, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

【Objective】Aegilops tauschii Coss. invasion has seriously threatened the security of wheat production in China. In order to forecast the A. tauschii invasion risk, clarify the adaptability of A. tauschii to saline-alkali habitats. 【Method】The stress effects of NaCl and Na₂CO₃ at different concentrations [0 (CK), 50, 100, 150 and 200 mmol/L] on seed germination and seedling growth of A. tauschii. 【Result】Germination rate, and radicle and embryo lengths decreased continuously with an increase in the saline-alkali concentration. At concentrations of 150 and 100 mmol/L, the germination rate decreased significantly in comparison with CK for the NaCl and Na₂CO₃ treatments, respectively. None of the A. tauschii seeds germinated at a Na₂CO₃ concentration of 200 mmol/L. In addition, both the germination rate and seedling growth under Na₂CO₃ stress were significantly lower than those under NaCl stress at the same treatment concentrations. The proline content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly with an increase in concentration of the saline-alkali treatment solutions. However, the relative electric conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content showed no significant increase at low concentrations of the saline-alkali treatments but increased sharply at high concentrations. This suggests that A. tauschii can adapt biochemically to a certain range of saline-alkali stress through self-regulation. In addition, the values for these biochemical indexes under Na₂CO₃ stress were significantly higher than under NaCl stress at the same treatment concentrations. 【Conclusion】These results indicate that A. tauschii has a certain physiological ability to adapt to saline-alkali habitats, and the effects of Na₂CO₃ stress on seed germination and seedling growth were more significant than those of NaCl stress.

Key words: Aegilops tauschii Coss., salt-alkaline stresses, seed germination, seedling growth

中图分类号:

Q945

王宁,袁美丽. 入侵植物节节麦种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐碱胁迫的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(5): 167-173.

WANG Ning, YUAN Meili. Seed germination and seedling growth responses of invasive alien plant Aegilops tauschii to saline-alkali stress[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(5): 167-173.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201907013.

图/表 4

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入侵植物节节麦种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐碱胁迫的响应

Seed germination and seedling growth responses of invasive alien plant Aegilops tauschii to saline-alkali stress

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审稿

[1]	王晓静, 王涛, 杨凯, 李潞滨. PEG和NaCl胁迫下毛竹萌发种子中环状RNA特征及其表达研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 17-24.
[2]	郭聪聪, 沈永宝, 史锋厚. 温度对白皮松种子萌发过程中储藏物质代谢及酶活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 25-34.
[3]	杨雨华, 鉴晶晶, 邱小蝶, 王贵娇, 宗建伟. 复合盐碱胁迫对OT百合生长和生理特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(4): 117-126.
[4]	季艳红, 汤文华, 窦全琴, 谢寅峰. 施肥对薄壳山核桃容器苗生长及养分积累的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(6): 47-56.
[5]	邓平, 赵英, 王霞, 陈秋佑, 吴敏. 水杨酸对NaHCO₃胁迫下桂西北喀斯特地区青冈栎种子萌发的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 114-122.
[6]	万雅雯, 傅华君, 时培建, 林树燕. 变温对毛竹种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 97-106.
[7]	姜磊, 李焕勇, 张芹, 张会龙, 乔艳辉, 张华新, 杨秀艳. AM真菌对盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生长与生理代谢的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(6): 152-160.
[8]	陈黎, 朱超, 朱庆祥, 王翠鸣, 鲍佳书, 莫辰, 施婷婷, 万志兵. NaN₃处理对乌桕种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(4): 47-54.
[9]	张银荣, 兰再平, 秘洪雷, 彭晶晶, 马鑫, 秦杏宇. 滴灌施肥条件下氮磷钾对‘龙脑香樟’幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(6): 39-45.
[10]	刘晓威,杨秀艳,武海雯,刘肖艳,朱建峰,张华新. NaCl胁迫下红砂种子萌动期差异表达基因的转录组分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(03): 28-36.
[11]	周昕,汪贵斌,刘琳,曹福亮,祖元刚. 光强对喜树幼苗生长及喜树碱含量的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(03): 9-14.
[12]	刘小金,徐大平,杨曾奖,张宁南. 脱落酸对檀香幼苗生长、光合及叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(03): 57-62.
[13]	陈立新,李少博,乔璐,步凡,段文标. 凋落物叶和土壤浸提液对红松种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(02): 81-87.
[14]	凌敏,杨秀莲,王良桂. PEG模拟干旱胁迫对巨紫荆种子萌发及生长生理的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(04): 168-172.
[15]	李英,沈永宝. 枳椇种子休眠原因及解除方法[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 38(02): 57-62.