湘西地区核桃坚果表型特征及多样性研究

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109004

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 171-179.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109004

湘西地区核桃坚果表型特征及多样性研究

李建挥¹(), 李柏海¹^,^*(), 吴思政¹, 柏文富¹, 禹霖¹, 聂东伶¹, 严佳文¹, 熊颖¹, 向祖恒², 彭先凤²

1.湖南省植物园,湖南长沙 410116
2.龙山县林业局,湖南龙山 416800

收稿日期:2021-09-01 接受日期:2021-10-23 出版日期:2023-01-30 发布日期:2023-02-01
基金资助:
湖南省核桃遗传资源调查编目(GR-2015-08);湖南省核桃遗传资源调查编目(GR-2016-12);湖南省核桃遗传资源调查编目(GR-2017-09);湖南省林业科技创新资金项目(XLK202106-2);湖南省林业科技计划(XLK201513);湖南省林业科技计划(XLB201805)

Research on the nutphenotypic traits and diversities of walnut in western Hunan

LI Jianhui¹(), LI Bohai¹^,^*(), WU Sizheng¹, BAI Wenfu¹, YU Lin¹, NIE Dongling¹, YAN Jiawen¹, XIONG Ying¹, XIANG Zuheng², PENG Xianfeng²

1. Hunan Botanical Garden, Changsha 410116,China
2. Longshan Forestry Bureau, Longshan 416800,China

Received:2021-09-01 Accepted:2021-10-23 Online:2023-01-30 Published:2023-02-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 了解湘西地区核桃(Juglans regia)资源表型特征和多样性状况,为湖南省核桃资源的开发和利用提供理论参考。【方法】 以湖南省龙山县、泸溪县、靖州县、石门县采集的223份核桃资源为研究对象,测定了坚果表型的质量性状和数量性状,对其21个表型性状进行多样性和聚类分析。【结果】 湘西地区核桃坚果质量性状的变异系数为20.62%~79.21%,Simpson 指数为0.171~0.823,Shannon-Wiener指数 0.450~2.760,数量性状的变异系数8.37%~27.49%。单果质量5.28~31.70 g,<7 g的小果资源和>22 g的大果资源各有4份。基于核桃属DUS测试指南描述的坚果表型性状,补充了3种种形、3种沿缝合线纵切面形状、1种横切面形状和1种核仁皮色等质量性状。表型性状分析表明,表型分化系数平均为64.03%,21个坚果表型性状的群体间变异大于群体内变异。聚类分析结果显示,在欧氏距离15处,可以将15个群体划分为4个类群。Mantel检验结果表明,群体间的欧氏距离与其地理距离存在显著正相关性(R=0.502,P=0.023)。【结论】 湘西地区核桃坚果表型多样性丰富,特异性明显。

关键词: 核桃, 表型特征, 多样性, 湘西地区

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to understand the phenotypic diversity of walnut resources in western Hunan, to provide a theoretical reference for the development and utilization of walnut resources. 【Method】 A total of 223 walnut resources from Longshan County, Luxi County, Jingzhou County, and Shimen County in Hunan were used to measure the phenotypic quality and quantitative characteristics of nuts. Diversity and cluster analyses of 21 phenotypic characteristics were conducted. 【Result】 The coefficient of variation of walnut quality traits in western Hunan ranged from 18.71% to 79.21%, and the Simpson and Shannon Wiener indices ranged from 0.171 to 0.823, and 0.450 to 2.760, respectively. The coefficient of variation of quantitative traits ranged from 8.37% to 27.49%. The nut weight ranged between 5.28 and 31.70 g, and there were four small walnut resources that weighed less than 7 g, and four large walnut resources whose weight exceeded 22 g. In addition to the nut phenotypic traits described based on the “Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity, and stability-Juglans (Juglans)”, there were eight unreported nut traits in this study. Among them, three for nut shape, three for shape of longitudinal section perpendicular, one for shape of cross-section, and one for skin color of kernels. The average coefficient of phenotype differentiation was 64.03%, and the variation in the 21 phenotypic traits among populations was larger than that within populations in this area. The results of the cluster analysis showed that 15 populations could be divided into four groups at a Euclidean distance of 15. The Mantel test showed that there was a significant positive correlation between Euclidean distance and geographical distance (R=0.502, P= 0.023). 【Conclusion】 The phenotypic diversity of walnuts in western Hunan was abundant, and this phenotypic diversity was manifested itself in the form of an array of phenotypic clusters.

Key words: Juglans regia and J. sigillata(walnut), phenotypic traits, diversity, western Hunan Province

中图分类号:

S722

李建挥,李柏海,吴思政,等. 湘西地区核桃坚果表型特征及多样性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(1): 171-179.

LI Jianhui, LI Bohai, WU Sizheng, BAI Wenfu, YU Lin, NIE Dongling, YAN Jiawen, XIONG Ying, XIANG Zuheng, PENG Xianfeng. Research on the nutphenotypic traits and diversities of walnut in western Hunan[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(1): 171-179.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109004.

图/表 9

表1

表2

核桃和泡核桃坚果表型特征赋值及描述"

性状代码 traits code	质量性状 quality trait	赋值及描述 description and assignment
Q1	沿缝合线纵切面形状 shape in longitudinal section through suture	1.椭圆形elliptic;2.阔椭圆形broad elliptic;3.长圆形long circular;4.圆形circular;5.卵圆形ovate;6.阔卵形broad ovate;7.心形heart-Shaped;8.梯形trapezium;9.其他other
Q2	垂直缝合线纵切面形状(种形) shape in longitudinal section perpendicular to suture(nut shape)	1.圆形elliptic;2.扁圆形oblate;3.倒卵圆形inverted ovate;4.心形heart-shaped;5.阔卵圆形broad ovate;6.三角形triangular;7.方(梯)形squareness (trapezium);8.长椭圆形long circular;9.卵圆形ovate;10.其他other
Q3	坚果横切面形状shape in cross section	1.内凹扁圆形concave oblate;2.扁圆形oblate;3.圆形circular;4.椭圆形elliptic;5.其他other
Q4	果顶形状shape of nut top	1.平weak flat;2.凸medium bulge;3.尖strong pointed
Q5	果肩形状shape of apex perpendicular to suture	1.平truncate;2.圆形rounded;3.耸emarginate;4.溜pointed
Q6	果底形状shape of base perpendicular to suture	1.平flat;2.稍凸medium bulge;3.凸bulge;4.凹emarginate
Q7	刻窝pit on the shell	1.少slightly;2.中moderately;3.多strongly;4.很多embossed
Q8	刻纹groove on the shell	1.平flat;2.浅shallow;3.中medium;4.深deep
Q9	缝合线条数number of pads on suture	1.2条two;2.2~3条two-three;3.3条three;4.2~4条two-four;5.3~4条three-four;6.4条four
Q10	缝合线突出程度prominence of pad on suture	1.凸bulge;2.平flat;3.凹emarginate
Q11	隔膜diaphragm texture	1.膜质membranous;2.纸质papery;3.革质leathery;4.骨质bony
Q12	内褶壁inner pleat wall of shell	1.膜质membranous;2.革质leathery;3.骨质bony;4.退化degeneration
Q13	核仁皮色skin color of kernel	1.白(黄白) white (yellow white);2.浅黄light yellow;3.黄yellow;4.浅褐light brown;5.褐brown;6.紫褐purple brown;7.浅蓝light blue

表2

表3

表4

图1

表5

坚果表型性状变异系数及多重比较"

性状代码 traits code	群体变异系数/% population CV																														均值 mean
性状代码 traits code	CY		DF		HYX			LT		MP		NC		SP		XC		XL		ZG		ZS		BYX		QY		XG		HPS	均值 mean
Q1	30.17		41.10		66.33			42.91		68.18		47.86		51.56		50.48		56.73		27.85		36.06		72.04		53.96		31.35		51.35	48.53 f
Q2	78.59		87.45		131.23			77.83		93.54		80.44		87.71		66.37		74.66		56.61		84.85		73.19		38.73		63.63		78.74	78.24 g
Q3	0.00		13.00		0.00			18.28		20.33		15.05		16.64		19.23		36.11		0.00		21.43		21.35		22.13		20.57		21.07	16.35 abcd
Q4	21.08		24.39		15.97			24.18		21.07		25.15		25.71		25.13		20.75		20.79		18.75		17.98		22.13		0.00		15.97	19.94 bcde
Q5	50.41		58.43		39.12			51.08		61.24		58.67		25.20		55.42		43.54		50.85		42.86		40.18		44.26		59.28		51.60	48.81 f
Q6	33.33		37.40		39.12			45.47		61.24		40.72		45.25		55.31		45.03		22.01		36.49		50.07		44.26		63.82		47.14	44.44 f
Q7	35.14		43.24		34.40			52.21		0.00		42.12		59.15		48.04		51.31		32.20		56.69		33.07		55.78		60.05		59.27	44.18 f
Q8		35.86		30.99		21.07	31.16		22.82		31.98		31.33		26.74		26.61		0.00		54.67		32.20		30.98		37.80		33.33		29.84 e
Q9		0.00		0.00		0.00	56.81		0.00		45.03		73.09		31.77		70.08		0.00		60.00		33.07		0.00		0.00		37.27		27.14 e
Q10		0.00		0.00		0.00	29.53		0.00		34.40		31.43		0.00		24.94		33.07		36.08		33.07		0.00		0.00		0.00		14.83 abc
Q11		10.20		14.56		15.21	24.81		15.97		21.32		25.20		11.55		11.55		28.63		25.86		15.59		30.98		53.45		0.00		20.33 cde
Q12		15.06		23.93		21.07	33.05		26.31		32.18		28.34		29.24		32.04		23.01		30.00		19.25		15.49		37.64		37.27		26.92 e
Q13		44.20		35.98		0.00	28.56		40.75		33.67		32.77		18.58		30.66		34.88		33.54		0.00		31.62		35.19		28.28		28.58 e
q14		21.20		19.11		25.29	24.22		22.44		25.82		25.56		28.15		27.77		8.98		14.77		20.00		36.64		38.46		38.92		25.16 de
q15		11.49		9.49		8.56	9.57		6.57		10.03		8.55		9.06		11.07		5.71		14.76		9.02		9.89		18.39		13.67		10.39 ab
q16		8.59		6.80		6.38	7.36		3.99		7.54		9.12		10.47		8.80		4.25		10.05		7.58		10.59		11.78		11.34		8.31 a
q17		7.13		7.38		6.82	7.25		5.84		8.59		6.11		11.37		11.57		2.47		10.47		6.86		12.54		12.68		15.45		8.84 a
q18		8.77		7.29		6.11	7.76		4.57		7.97		6.07		9.91		8.71		3.12		11.81		7.39		10.73		14.73		13.37		8.55 a
q19		8.37		8.32		6.42	8.21		6.51		7.93		9.57		6.77		10.44		5.83		8.03		8.05		6.28		8.26		3.08		7.47 a
q20		22.61		19.79		32.77	23.04		24.19		26.38		29.00		26.97		21.71		51.02		31.30		23.10		33.95		24.87		5.15		26.39 e
q21		10.26		10.82		13.64	11.20		8.88		12.25		14.94		9.06		13.17		15.19		23.84		7.08		18.52		10.61		10.90		12.69 abc
均值mean		21.55		23.78		23.31	29.26		24.50		29.29		30.59		26.17		30.35		20.31		31.54		25.24		25.21		28.69		27.29		26.47

表5

表6

图2

图3

参考文献 35

[1]	马庆国, 乐佳兴, 宋晓波, 等. 新中国果树科学研究70年:核桃[J]. 果树学报, 2019, 36(10):1360-1368.
	MA Q G, YUE J X, SONG X B, et al. Fruit scientific research in New China in the past 70 years:walnut[J]. J Fruit Sci, 2019, 36(10):1360-1368.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.Z10. doi: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.Z10
[2]	徐永杰, 韩华柏, 王滑, 等. 大巴山区核桃实生居群的坚果表型和遗传多样性[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(5):111-119.
	XU Y J, HAN H B, WANG H, et al. Phenotypic and genetic diversities of nuts of walnut Juglans regia) populations originated from seedlings in Daba Mountains[J]. Sci Silvae Sin, 2016, 52(5):111-119.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20160513.
[3]	靳高中, 任华东, 姚小华, 等. 滇西腾冲红花油茶天然居群种实表型性状变异分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 37(6):53-58.
	JIN G Z, REN H D, YAO X H, et al. Study on phenotypic diversity of seed and fruit in natural populations of Camellia reticulate f. simplex in the west of Yunnan,China[J]. J Nanjing For Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 2013, 37(6):53-58.
[4]	肖良俊, 吴涛, 陈少瑜, 等. 昭通市核桃种质资源坚果表型特征及多样性研究[J]. 西南农业学报, 2018, 31(11):2255-2260.
	XIAO L J, WU T, CHEN S Y, et al. Phenotypic traits and diversity of nut of walnut germplasm resource in Zhaotong Prefecture[J]. Southwest China J Agric Sci, 2018, 31(11):2255-2260.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2018.11.007. doi: 10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2018.11.007
[5]	刘昊, 马庆国, 张继勇, 等. 凉山州核桃坚果表型多样性研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2017, 30(5):771-778.
	LIU H, MA Q G, ZHANG J Y, et al. Phenotypic diversities of nuts of walnut populations originated from seedlings in Liangshan Prefecture[J]. For Res, 2017, 30(5):771-778.DOI:10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2017.05.010. doi: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2017.05.010
[6]	湖南省核桃资源研究协作组. 湖南省核桃资源及优良类型选择的研究[J]. 经济林研究, 1988, 6(2):1-8.
	Hunan Province walnut seed ordchard research cooperation group. studies of Persian walnut resources and their fine quality type selection in Hunan[J]. Econ For Res, 1988, 6(2):1-8.
[7]	梁珊珊. 湘西北核桃资源及良种选择研究[D]. 长沙: 中南林业科技大学, 2015.
	LIANG S S. The research on walnut resources and selective breeding in the northwest of Hunan Province[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2015.
[8]	刘瑞鹤. 湘西南(龙山县)核桃种质资源及优株调查研究[D]. 长沙: 中南林业科技大学, 2017.
	LIU R H. The research on walnut resources and selective breeding in the southwest of Hunan Province[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2017.
[9]	王容. 湘西北地区不同品种核桃的品质特性研究[D]. 长沙: 中南林业科技大学, 2018.
	WANG R. Study on the quality characteristics of walnut from different species in northwestern Hunan[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2018.
[10]	张河清. 对构建“大湘西”旅游圈的初步设想[J]. 经济地理, 2004, 24(4):556-559.
	ZHANG H Q. The preliminary imagine for founding the tourism industry circle “Big Xiang Xi”[J]. Econ Geogr, 2004, 24(4):556-559.
[11]	罗维庆, 罗中. 大湘西自然地域及行政区划的历史考察[J]. 中国边疆民族研究, 2009(2):116-141,407.
	LUO W Q, LUO Z. Historical review of natural region and regional administrative division of the western Hunan[J]. Studies of China’s Frontier Regions and Rationalities, 2009(2):116-141+407. DOI:10.16682/b.cnki.scf rn.2009.00.004. doi: 10.16682/b.cnki.scf rn.2009.00.004
[12]	许春晓, 胡婷. 大湘西地区文化与旅游融合潜力及其空间分异[J]. 经济地理, 2018, 38(5):208-216.
	XU C X, HU T. Integrational potential of tourism and culture in Daxiangxi area and its spatial differences[J]. Econ Geogr, 2018, 38(5):208-216.DOI:10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2018.05.025. doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2018.05.025
[13]	李建挥, 李柏海, 柏文富, 等. 湖南省核桃资源调查及表型特征分析[J]. 湖南林业科技, 2019, 46(6):59-67,73.
	LI J H, LI B H, BAI W F, et al. Investigation of walnut and hickory genetic resources in Hunan Province[J]. Hunan For Sci Technol, 2019, 46(6):59-67,73.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-5710.2019.06.010. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5710.2019.06.010
[14]	国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会.植物新品种特异性、一致性、稳定性测试指南核桃属:GB/T 26909—2011[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2011.
	General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness,uniformity and stability:Juglans(Juglans L.):GB/T 26909—2011[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2011.
[15]	顾云娇, 赵晨辉, 宋宏伟, 等. 穗醋栗种质资源表型多样性分析及鲜食资源评价[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2018, 19(5):912-918.
	GU Y J, ZHAO C H, SONG H W, et al. Phenotypic diversity analysis of currant germplasm and evaluation of fresh eating related traits[J]. J Plant Genet Resour, 2018, 19(5):912-918.DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20171222001. doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20171222001
[16]	周妍慧, 贾瑞冬, 杨树华, 等. 杏黄兜兰居群表型多样性分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2016, 43(7):1337-1347.
	ZHOU Y H, JIA R D, YANG S H, et al. Phenotypic diversity of Paphiopedilum armeniacum populations[J]. Acta Hortic Sin, 2016, 43(7):1337-1347.DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0949. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0949
[17]	MANTEL N. The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach[J]. Cancer Res, 1967, 27(2):209-220. pmid: 6018555
[18]	肖良俊, 陈少瑜, 宁德鲁, 等. 滇西北深纹核桃(Juglans sigillata)种质资源遗传多样性研究[J]. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学), 2018, 33(4):597-604.
	XIAO L J, CHEN S Y, NING D L, et al. Study on the genetic diversity of germplasm resources of Juglans sigillata in northwest Yunnan[J]. J Yunnan Agric Univ, 2018, 33(4):597-604.DOI:10.12101/j.issn.1004-390X(n).201804049.(n).201804049. doi: 10.12101/j.issn.1004-390X(n).201804049.(n).201804049.
[19]	宋杰, 李世峰, 刘丽娜, 等. 云南含笑天然居群的表型多样性分析[J]. 西北植物学报, 2013, 33(2):272-279.
	SONG J, LI S F, LIU L N, et al. Phenotypic diversity of natural populations of Michelia yunnanensis[J]. Acta Bot Boreali Occidentalia Sin, 2013, 33(2):272-279.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4025.2013.02.010. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4025.2013.02.010
[20]	王艳兰, 李基光, 王利群, 等. 湖南省饭豆地方种质资源表型多样性评价[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2021, 22(2):317-327.
	WANG Y L, LI J G, WANG L Q, et al. Evaluation on phenotypic variation of rice bean germplasm collected from Hunan Province[J]. J Plant Genet Resour, 2021, 22(2):317-327.DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20200812003. doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20200812003
[21]	江锡兵, 龚榜初, 刘庆忠, 等. 中国板栗地方品种重要农艺性状的表型多样性[J]. 园艺学报, 2014, 41(4):641-652.
	JIANG X B, GONG B C, LIU Q Z, et al. Phenotypic diversity of important agronomic traits of local cultivars of Chinese chestnut[J]. Acta Hortic Sin, 2014, 41(4):641-652.DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2014.04.008. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2014.04.008
[22]	杨生超, 徐绍忠, 文国松, 等. 灯盏花种质资源群体表型多样性研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 2008, 28(8):1573-1579.
	YANG S C, XU S Z, WEN G S, et al. Phenotypic diversity of populations in germplasm resources of Erigeron breviscapus[J]. Acta Bot Boreali Occidentalia Sin, 2008, 28(8):1573-1579.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2008.08.011. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2008.08.011
[23]	田力, 徐骋炜, 尚旭岚, 等. 青钱柳药用优良单株评价与选择[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 45(1):21-28.
	TIAN L, XU C W, SHANG X L, et al. Evaluation and selection on superior individuals for medicinal use of Cyclocarya paliurus[J]. J Nanjing For Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 2021, 45(1):21-28.DOI:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202002018. doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202002018
[24]	李守玉, 杨紫江, 肖锦淑, 等. 大理州核桃种质资源坚果表型多样性研究[J]. 绿色科技, 2021, 23(9):73-75.
	LI S Y, YANG Z J, XIAO J S, et al. Research on phenotypic diversity of walnut germplasm resources in Dali Prefecture of Yunnan province[J]. J Green Sci Technol, 2021, 23(9):73-75.DOI:10.16663/j.cnki.lskj.2021.09.025. doi: 10.16663/j.cnki.lskj.2021.09.025
[25]	肖良俊, 吴涛, 贺娜, 等. 怒江州核桃种质资源坚果表型特征及多样性[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2018, 46(9):46-49,64.
	XIAO L J, WU T, HE N, et al. Phenotypic traits and diversity of nuts of walnut germplasm resource in Nujiang Prefecture of Yunnan[J]. J Northeast For Univ, 2018, 46(9):46-49,64.DOI:10.13759/j.cnki.dlxb.2018.09.010. doi: 10.13759/j.cnki.dlxb.2018.09.010
[26]	刘小利, 顾文毅, 魏海斌. 青海高原核桃种质资源调查及坚果表型多样性分析[J]. 北方园艺, 2015(13):34-36.
	LIU X L, GU W Y, WEI H B. Survey of walnut germplasm resources in Qinghai plateau phenotype and diversity analysis of its nut phenotipic[J]. North Hortic, 2015(13):34-36.DOI:10.11937/bfyy.201513009. doi: 10.11937/bfyy.201513009
[27]	雒宏佳, 李建红, 赵生春, 等. 甘肃省核桃坚果表型特征及多样性研究[J]. 中国果树, 2019(5):87-92.
	LUO H J, LI J H, ZHAO S C, et al. Phenotypic characteristics and diversity of walnut nuts in Gansu Province[J]. China Fruits, 2019(5):87-92.DOI:10.16626/j.cnki.issn1000-8047.2019.05.022. doi: 10.16626/j.cnki.issn1000-8047.2019.05.022
[28]	李亚兰, 潘存德, 范江涛, 等. 基于坚果表型性状的新疆核桃种质资源多样性与分类[J]. 西南农业学报, 2019, 32(9):1986-1994.
	LI Y L, PAN C D, FAN J T, et al. Diversity and classification of common walnut(Juglans regia L.) germplasm in Xinjiang based on nut phenotype traits[J]. Southwest China J Agric Sci, 2019, 32(9):1986-1994.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2019.9.004. doi: 10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2019.9.004.
[29]	冯连芬, 吕芳德, 张亚萍, 等. 我国核桃育种及其栽培技术研究进展[J]. 经济林研究, 2006, 24(2):69-73.
	FENG L F, LV F D, ZHANG Y P, et al. Literature review of researches on breeding and cultivation techniques of Chinese walnut[J]. Nonwood For Res, 2006, 24(2):69-73.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-8981.2006.02.020. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8981.2006.02.020
[30]	王金星, 潘刚, 王滑, 等. 西藏核桃叶片和坚果表型多样性及其相关关系研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(2):236-240.
	WANG J X, PAN G, WANG H, et al. The phenotypic polymorphism of walnut leaves and nuts and their correlations in Tibet[J]. For Res, 2012, 25(2):236-240.DOI:10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2012.02.009. doi: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2012.02.009
[31]	ARZANI K, MANSOURI-ARDAKAN H, VEZVAEI A, et al. Morphological variation among Persian walnut (Juglans regia) genotypes from central Iran[J]. N Z J Crop Hortic Sci, 2008, 36(3):159-168.DOI:10.1080/01140670809510232. doi: 10.1080/01140670809510232
[32]	SHARMA S H, SHARMA O C. Studies on variation in nut and kernel characters and selection of superior walnut seedlings (Juglans regia L.) from Garsa and Jogindernagar areas of Himachal Pradesh[J]. Acta Hortic, 2001(544):47-50.DOI:10.17660/actahortic.2001.544.4. doi: 10.17660/actahortic.2001.544.4
[33]	SHARMA S D, SHARMA O C, GAUTAM D R. Studies on the variability in nut characters of seedling trees growing in different location of Himachal pradesh,India[J]. Acta Hortic, 2005(705):167-171.DOI:10.17660/actahortic.2005.705.19. doi: 10.17660/actahortic.2005.705.19
[34]	CEROVIC S, GOLOŠIN B, BIJELIC S, et al. Walnut biodiversity in the western Balkans[J]. Agric Food, 2017, 5(1):202-216.
[35]	刘娟, 廖康, 曼苏尔·那斯尔, 等. 新疆杏种质资源表型多样性研究[J]. 果树学报, 2014, 31(6):1047-1056.
	LIU J, LIAO K, Mansur N, et al. Research on phenotypic diversity of apricot germplasm resources in Xinjiang[J]. J Fruit Sci, 2014, 31(6):1047-1056.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20140213. doi: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20140213

群体名及代码 populations code	地理位置 geographic location	海拔/m altitude	年降水量/mm annual rainfall	年均气温/ ℃ temperature	取样数量/株 samples
茨岩CY	龙山县茨岩塘镇(109°36'25″E,29°25'6″N)	412~1 456	1 286	13.4	10
靛房DF	龙山县靛房镇(109°34'45″E,28°58'50″N)	291~1 192	1 367	16.8	39
红岩溪HYX	龙山县红岩溪镇(109°38'21″E,29°17'49″N)	340~1 175	1 573	16.4	5
洛塔LT	龙山县洛塔乡(109°32'7″E,29°12'24″N)	325~1 430	1 300	13.0	41
茅坪MP	龙山县茅坪乡(109°30'4″E,29°20'42″N)	587~1 385	1 278	13.1	5
农车NC	龙山县农车镇(109°38'20″E,29°10'45″N)	434~1 057	1 568	15.2	45
石牌SP	龙山县石牌镇(109°35'56″E,29°34'38″N)	550~1 737	1 304	15.8	8
洗车XC	龙山县洗车河镇(109°32'25″E,29°04'19″N)	256~1 197	1 388	16.4	14
洗洛XL	龙山县洗洛乡(109°28'37″E,29°24'39″N)	520~1 335	1 305	15.7	14
咱果ZG	龙山县咱果乡(109°21'41″E,29°01'52″N)	220~1 197	1 417	15.8	7
召市ZS	龙山县召市镇(109°25'46″E,29°14'39″N)	617~1 430	1 305	15.8	9
白羊溪BYX	泸溪县白羊溪乡(110°07'14″E,28°12'43″N)	204~792	1 418	16.0	7
渠阳QY	靖州县渠阳镇(109°42°2″E,26°34'45″N)	278~1 178	1 372	16.8	6
壶瓶山HPS	石门县壶瓶山镇(110°47'25″E,29°56'28″N)	220~2 099	1 899	9.2	5
新关XG	石门县新关镇(111°19'6″E,29°37'24″N)	46~204	1 540	16.7	8
总计total					223

质量性状代码 traits code	各级所占比例/% the proportion of each level										变异系数/% CV	多样性指数diversity index
质量性状代码 traits code	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	变异系数/% CV	Simpson	Shannon-Wiener
Q1	5.38	16.59	7.62	30.94	8.97	14.35	1.35	12.56	2.24		46.93	0.823	2.760
Q2	30.04	23.77	7.62	0.90	3.59	1.79	20.18	0.90	2.69	8.52	79.21	0.797	2.302
Q3		84.30	15.25		0.45						18.71	0.266	0.657
Q4	4.04	37.67	58.30								22.61	0.517	1.171
Q5	37.67	21.97	19.28	21.08							52.16	0.728	1.942
Q6	30.94	43.05	12.11	13.90							47.44	0.685	1.812
Q7	42.60	31.39	21.97	4.04							47.57	0.670	1.717
Q8	14.35	59.64	22.87	3.14							32.19	0.570	1.490
Q9	89.24	6.73	0.45	3.59							51.79	0.198	0.616
Q10	90.58	9.42									26.75	0.171	0.450
Q11	4.04	6.73	65.47	23.77							21.96	0.509	1.342
Q12		52.91	26.01	21.08							29.87	0.608	1.465
Q13	5.83	13.90	26.46	39.46	13.45	0.45	0.45				32.24	0.733	2.061

数量性状代码 traits code	数量性状 quantitative trait	最大值 max	最小值 min	极差 range	均值 mean	标准差 SD	变异系数/% CV
q14	单果质量/g nut weight	31.70	5.28	26.42	13.07	3.59	27.49
q15	纵径/mm longitudinal diameter	44.47	22.13	22.34	31.83	3.56	11.17
q16	横径/mm transverse diameter	37.68	22.20	15.48	29.50	2.50	8.48
q17	侧径/mm lateral diameter	42.16	25.84	16.32	32.01	2.86	8.92
q18	三径均值/mm geometric mean diameter	40.97	23.58	13.79	30.98	2.76	8.92
q19	果形指数nut shape index	1.25	0.74	0.51	0.97	0.08	8.37
q20	壳厚/mm shell thickness	2.91	0.56	2.35	1.51	0.40	26.48
q21	出仁率/% kernel rate	67.32	29.60	48.03	37.32	6.21	12.92

性状代码 traits code	方差分量 variance component		F	方差分量百分比/% percentage of variance portion		表型分化系数/% coefficient of phenotype differentiation
性状代码 traits code	群体间 inter-population	群体内 intra-population	F	群体间 inter-population	群体内 intra-population	表型分化系数/% coefficient of phenotype differentiation
Q1	5.543 3	4.306 8	1.29	56.28	43.72	56.28
Q2	6.632 7	9.770 0	0.68	40.44	59.56	40.44
Q3	0.204 1	0.163 5	1.25	55.52	44.48	55.52
Q4	0.286 3	0.333 3	0.86	46.21	53.79	46.21
Q5	1.888 3	1.326 8	1.42	58.73	41.27	58.73
Q6	2.521 3	0.879 4	2.87^*	74.14	25.86	74.14
Q7	1.136 5	0.772 0	1.47	59.55	40.45	59.55
Q8	0.833 9	0.454 0	1.83^*	64.75	35.25	64.75
Q9	0.127 2	0.082 9	1.53	60.55	39.45	60.55
Q10	0.833 9	0.454 0	1.84^*	64.75	35.25	64.75
Q11	1.285 5	0.404 9	3.18^*	76.05	23.95	76.05
Q12	1.110 4	0.609 9	1.82^*	64.55	35.45	64.55
Q13	1.914 0	1.183 4	1.62	61.79	38.21	61.79
q14	35.718 2	11.370 6	3.14^*	75.85	24.15	75.85
q15	35.469 9	11.111 0	3.19^*	76.15	23.85	76.15
q16	13.360 7	5.772 4	2.31^*	69.83	30.17	69.83
q17	11.137 3	7.951 8	1.40	58.34	41.66	58.34
q18	23.617 7	8.162 4	2.89^*	74.32	25.68	74.32
q19	0.012 9	0.006 2	2.08^*	67.54	32.46	67.54
q20	0.343 3	0.147 7	2.32^*	69.92	30.08	69.92
q21	80.603 3	35.691 8	2.26^*	69.31	30.69	69.31
均值mean	10.694 3	4.807 4	2.22^*	64.03	35.97	64.03

湘西地区核桃坚果表型特征及多样性研究

Research on the nutphenotypic traits and diversities of walnut in western Hunan

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 35

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

作者

读者

审稿

[1]	姚俊修, 任飞, 王因花, 李庆华, 燕丽萍, 郑岩, 吴德军. 基于荧光SSR标记的接骨木种质资源遗传多样性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(2): 75-82.
[2]	曹荔荔, 阮宏华, 李媛媛, 倪娟平, 王国兵, 曹国华, 沈彩芹, 徐亚明. 不同林龄水杉人工林地表大型土壤动物群落特征比较研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(2): 91-98.
[3]	丛明珠, 刘琪璟, 孙震, 董淳超, 钱尼澎. 长白山北坡植物群落β多样性及其组分驱动因素分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(2): 99-106.
[4]	李慧, 侯立娜, 王天琪, 毕宁宁, 李圣波, 刘忠华. 基于SSR标记的皱皮木瓜遗传多样性分析及品种分子身份证构建[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(1): 59-68.
[5]	李洋, 张赟齐, 温玥, 张绥林, 陈永浩, 齐建勋, 张俊佩, 侯智霞. 早实核桃坚果表型和内在品质的关联分析及模型构建[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(1): 119-127.
[6]	隋夕然, 李军, 陈娟, 华军, 沈谦, 杨洪胜, 何前程, 李由, 王伟, 彭冶, 葛之葳, 张增信. 徐州市侧柏人工林群落不同演替阶段物种多样性变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(1): 171-178.
[7]	翟学昌, 彭丽, 颜海飞, 朱柯帆, 张淑燕, 张彩云, 鲁显楷. 资源植物黑老虎的比较叶绿体基因组学研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(6): 71-78.
[8]	王思路, 鲁长虎, 刘萌萌, 陈泰宇, 李成之. 洪泽湖湿地国家级自然保护区反季相水位条件下鸻鹬类物种组成及季节动态[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(6): 138-144.
[9]	任诗超, 张银龙, 曹铭昌, 刘威, 乔姝凡, 朱晓泾, 罗康宁. 成都市鸟类多样性时空分布格局及热点区域识别[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 189-196.
[10]	王耀仪, 王宏翔, 王永强, 曾文豪, 叶绍明. 雅长保护区老龄林不同林层功能性状多样性及其影响因素分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 28-38.
[11]	毛立彦, 李慧敏, 龙凌云, 黄秋伟, 唐毓玮, 於艳萍, 黄歆怡, 檀小辉, 农晓慧, 朱天龙, 陆祖双. 基于SSR分子标记的睡莲遗传多样性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 57-68.
[12]	闫平玉, 张磊, 王佳兴, 冯可乐, 王浩浩, 张含国. 红松天然种群遗传多样性分析及核心种质构建[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 69-80.
[13]	陈慧, 王改萍, 彭方仁, 朱允芬, 张钰, 王晗. 薄壳山核桃-油用牡丹多种种植模式下土壤质量评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 177-183.
[14]	隋夕然, 赵庆军, 周小青, 陈娟, 陈婧, 彭茜, 张增信. 徐州市侧柏人工林林下植物多样性对郁闭度的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 219-226.
[15]	王梓萌, 阮宏华, 吴小巧, 杨艳, 谢友超, 沈彩芹, 丁学农, 曹国华. 模拟氮沉降对杨树人工林土壤跳虫群落的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 243-253.