生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 156-164.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057

生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究

栾春凤(), 郭欣然

郑州大学建筑学院,河南郑州 450002

收稿日期:2022-08-29 修回日期:2022-09-27 出版日期:2023-09-30 发布日期:2023-10-10
作者简介:栾春凤(1060955087@qq.com),博士,副教授。
基金资助:
河南省科技攻关项目(202102310256);2022年郑州大学研究生自主创新项目(20211234)

Research on land use conflict identification from the perspective of ecological security pattern

LUAN Chunfeng(), GUO Xinran

School of Architecture, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received:2022-08-29 Revised:2022-09-27 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】以郑州都市圈核心区为研究对象,在构建区域生态安全格局的基础上,借助土地利用转化矩阵对土地转化类型、程度进行分析,识别土地利用空间冲突分类,为核心区的土地利用规划管理提供依据,对生态空间的保护提供参考。【方法】利用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法识别目标源地,采用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)及重力模型提取潜在廊道并筛选出重要廊道,构建综合生态安全格局,将生态安全格局分为低、中、高3级,进而定量地判断和剖析土地利用空间冲突的类型和程度,识别出土地利用冲突的空间特征,分析其影响因素。【结果】 ①郑州都市圈核心区土地利用冲突分布特征显著,耕地生态冲突分布较为集中,以不冲突为主;建设用地生态冲突分布较为分散,不冲突区主要分布在各个市域范围的主城区中部,一般严重冲突、极严重冲突主要位于研究区的北部;在耕地建设生态综合冲突中,各冲突等级面积大小为不冲突>一般严重冲突>极严重冲突,其中耕地生态冲突占主导。②郑州都市圈核心区2000—2020年区域景观格局破碎化程度较高,分布不均衡,构成研究区生态空间的主要景观类型;耕地景观、草地景观的占比呈现部分的下降。【结论】郑州都市圈核心区的土地利用用途转变程度、规模变化强度较大,耕地冲突、建设用地冲突和综合土地利用冲突较为明显。因此,该研究对于加强国土空间各类用地的管控及生态空间提质具有积极意义。

关键词: 生态安全格局, 土地利用空间冲突, 郑州都市圈核心区, 潜在廊道, 生态源地

Abstract:

【Objective】The core area of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan area was investigated based on the construction of a regional ecological security pattern. The type and degree of land transformation were analyzed with the help of a land use transformation matrix, and the classification of land use spatial conflicts was identified, providing a basis for land use planning and management in the core area as well as a reference for the protection of ecological space. 【Method】The morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) method was used to identify the target source area, the MCR model and gravity model were used to extract potential corridors and screen out important corridors, and the regional comprehensive ecological security pattern of “ecological source-ecological corridor-ecological network-hierarchical zoning” was constructed. The ecological security pattern was divided and analyzed. Next, the spatial characteristics of land use conflicts were identified, and the influencing factors were analyzed. 【Result】(1) The distribution of land use conflicts in the core area of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan area was significant, and the distribution of cultivated land ecological conflicts was relatively concentrated, mainly without conflicts. The distribution of ecological conflicts in construction land was relatively dispersed, the non-conflict areas were mainly concentrated in the middle of the main urban areas within each city scope, and the general serious conflicts and extremely serious conflicts were mainly located in the northern part of the research area. In the comprehensive ecological conflict of cultivated land construction, the size of each conflict level was no conflict, generally serious conflict, or extremely serious conflict, among which cultivated land ecological conflict dominated. (2) From 2000 to 2020, the regional landscape pattern in the core area of Zhengzhou Metropolitan area was highly fragmented and unevenly distributed, which constituted the main landscape type of ecological space in the study area. The proportion of cultivated land landscape and grassland landscape showed a partial decline. 【Conclusion】 The transformation degree and scale of land use in the core area of Zhengzhou Metropolitan area are relatively large, and the conflicts of cultivated land, construction land and comprehensive land use are relatively obvious. Therefore, the study has a positive significance for strengthening the control of various types of land use and improving the quality of ecological space.

Key words: ecological security pattern, land use spatial conflicts, core area of Zhengzhou Metropolitan area, potential corridors, ecological sources

中图分类号:

X321

栾春凤,郭欣然. 生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(5): 156-164.

LUAN Chunfeng, GUO Xinran. Research on land use conflict identification from the perspective of ecological security pattern[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(5): 156-164.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057.

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阻力因子 drag factor	分级指标 rating metrics	阻力值 resistance value	权重 weight	阻力因子 drag factor	分级指标 rating metrics	阻力值 resistance value	权重 weight
坡度/(°) slope	≤2.5	1		距道路的距离/m distance from the road	>2 000	1
	(2.5,7.5]	3			(1 500,2 000]	3
	(7.5,14.0]	5	0.10		(1 000,1 500]	5	0.25
	(14.0,24.0]	7			(500,1 000]	7
	>24	9			≤500	9
高程/m height	≤48	1		距居民点的距离/m distance from settlement	>3 000	1
	(48,200]	3			(2 000,3 000]	3
	(200,600]	5	0.1		(1 000,2 000]	5	0.15
	(600,1 000]	7			(500,1 000]	7
	(1 000,1 484]	9			≤500	9
土地利用 type of land use	林地	1		距水体的距离/m distance from water	>3 000	1
	草地	3			(2 000,3 000]	3
	水域	5	0.3		(1 000,2 000]	5	0.1
	耕地	7			(500,1 000]	7
	建设用地	9			≤500	9

景观类型 type of landscape	总面积/hm² total area	占比/% percentage
核心区core	913.34	84
孤岛islet	2.31	—
孔隙 perforation	2.94	—
边缘区 edge	152.36	14
环道 loop	0.10	—
桥接 bridge	2.62	—
分支branch	18.00	2

生态安全水平等级 level of ecological security	面积/hm² area	占比/% percentage
低度minuent	2 490.29	13.33
中度moderate	9 989.57	53.49
高度altitude	6 195.42	33.17

土地利用 land tyre	2000			2018		2020		2000—2020 年均变化/hm² 2000—2020 average annual change
土地利用 land tyre	规模/hm² scale	占比/% fercentage		规模/hm² scale	占比/% percentage	规模/hm² scale	占比/% percentage	2000—2020 年均变化/hm² 2000—2020 average annual change
草地grassland	1 869.231		5.41	1 530.627	4.43	698.898	2.00	58.517
林地woodland	2 017.802		5.84	1 703.384	4.93	2 041.441	6.80	0.160
水域waters	746.310		2.16	853.420	2.47	365.919	1.05	19.020
耕地cultivated land	25 201.793		72.94	23 546.780	68.15	24 009.633	68.83	59.608
建设用地construction land	4 667.894		13.51	6 899.915	19.97	7 435.511	21.31	138.380
未利用用地unused land	48.372		0.14	17.287	0.05	—	—	—
合计total	34 551.402		100	34 551.402	100	34 551.402	100	—

2000	2020
2000	草地 grassland	耕地 cultivated land	建设用地 construction land	林地 woodland	水域 waters	总计 total
草地grassland	87.24	509.63	102.05	240.76	33.67	973.35
耕地cultivated land	71.74	10 994.53	2 277.81	159.69	75.76	13 579.53
建设用地construction land	35.72	667.43	1 876.28	36.70	35.87	2 652.00
林地woodland	49.72	436.32	110.45	433.53	34.31	1 064.33
水域waters	32.53	184.36	69.02	31.06	81.59	398.56
未利用用地unused land	31.12	35.46	31.41	31.90	31.55	161.44
总计total	308.07	12 827.73	4 467.02	933.64	292.75	18 829.21

生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究

Research on land use conflict identification from the perspective of ecological security pattern

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城市 city	人口/万人 population	面积/ hm² area	人均收入/ 万元 per capita income	人均消费/ 万元 per capita consumption
郑州市 Zhengzhou	1 262.00	7 567.00	1.58	1.51
开封市 Kaifeng	483.00	6 266.00	1.23	1.54
许昌市 Xuchang	438.00	4 996.21	1.40	1.68
合计 total	2 183.00	18 829.21	1.40	1.58

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