基于CSLE模型的大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征研究

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304015

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 117-124.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304015

• 专题报道Ⅱ:土壤生态修复理论与技术研究(执行主编张金池) • 上一篇下一篇

基于CSLE模型的大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征研究

纪昕雨(), 于悦^*(), 张思帆, 刘媛媛

辽宁师范大学地理科学学院,辽宁大连 116029

收稿日期:2023-04-13 修回日期:2023-08-03 出版日期:2024-05-30 发布日期:2024-06-14
通讯作者: *于悦(yyu@lnnu.edu.cn),讲师。
作者简介:纪昕雨(1053777390@qq.com)。
基金资助:
辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(LQ2019028);辽宁师范大学2020高端科研成果培育计划(GD20L003)

The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model

JI Xinyu(), YU Yue^*(), ZHANG Sifan, LIU Yuanyuan

School of Geography Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China

Received:2023-04-13 Revised:2023-08-03 Online:2024-05-30 Published:2024-06-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】定量分析大连市果园土壤侵蚀状况和时空分异特征,并探究其主要影响因素,为大连市果园产业的健康发展和生态保护提供参考。【方法】基于在线地理大数据和目视解译结果,利用中国土壤流失方程(Chinese soil lose equation, CSLE),得出大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征,分析研究区土壤侵蚀动态变化及影响因素。【结果】 ①大连市土壤侵蚀面积约占大连市总面积的40%,北部及南部的山地丘陵区侵蚀较严重;②2015—2020年大连市果园平均土壤侵蚀模数依次为1 230.29、1 150.95、2 311.36、6 384.55、3 399.60和3 484.24 t/(km²·a),以微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀为主,强烈及以上等级侵蚀主要分布在甘井子区、金州区和旅顺口区;③大连市果园土壤侵蚀主要分布于坡度25°以下等级以及500~900 mm降雨等级区;④大棚覆盖可以减少设施大棚果园和露地/设施大棚果园的土壤侵蚀,对于露地果园,植被覆盖度则能够有效降低果园水土流失。【结论】大连市果园土壤侵蚀具有南高北低的空间分布特征,适当提高设施大棚覆盖面积、增加露地大棚的植被盖度并合理选择果园位置,是今后治理果园土壤水土流失以及促进果园产业高效可持续发展的关键。

关键词: 土壤侵蚀, 土壤侵蚀模数, CSLE模型, 设施大棚, 大连市果园

Abstract:

【Objective】 The orchards in Dalian City suffer from soil erosion due to vigorous developmental activities. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the status of soil erosion, determine the spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards in Dalian City, and explore the key factors that influence soil erosion. The results can provide significant insights for the healthy development and ecological protection of the orchard industry in Dalian City. 【Method】 The characteristics of soil erosion in orchards in Dalian City were assessed by using the Chinese soil loss equation (CSLE) model, based on geographic big data available online. The results were visually interpreted, and the dynamic changes and factors influencing soil erosion in the study area were subsequently analyzed. 【Result】 The area of soil erosion constituted approximately 40% of the total area of Dalian City, and the erosion was serious in the northern and southern mountainous and hilly regions. The average soil erosion modulus of the orchards in Dalian City was 1 230.29, 1 150.95, 2 311.36, 6 384.55, 3 399.60 and 3 484.24 t/(km²·a) in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Analysis of the intensity of soil erosion primarily revealed micro and slight erosion. Strong and above grade erosion was primarily observed in Ganjingzi, Jinzhou, and Lüshunkou District. Soil erosion was primarily observed in slope grades below 25° and in regions with rainfall grades ranging between 500 and 900 mm. The finding revealed that greenhouse coverage could reduce soil erosion in greenhouse orchards and open field/facility orchards, and vegetation coverage could effectively reduce soil erosion in open field orchards. 【Conclusion】 Soil erosion in the orchards in Dalian City exhibits obvious spatial distribution characteristics in that the intensity of erosion is high in the south and low in the north area. The successful control of soil erosion in orchards and the efficient promotion and sustainable development of the orchard industry can be achieved in future by increasing the area of greenhouse coverage, increasing the vegetation coverage of outdoor greenhouses, and selecting the location of orchards reasonably.

Key words: soil erosion, soil erosion modulus, CSLE model, facility greenhouse, orchard of Dalian City

中图分类号:

S157.1

纪昕雨,于悦,张思帆,等. 基于CSLE模型的大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 117-124.

JI Xinyu, YU Yue, ZHANG Sifan, LIU Yuanyuan. The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(3): 117-124.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304015.

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行政区 district	面积/km² area							平均土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus	平均土壤侵蚀量/ (t·a^-1) average soil loss
行政区 district	总体 sum	微度 micro	轻度 slight	中度 moderate	强烈 strong	极强烈 extreme	剧烈 severe	平均土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus	平均土壤侵蚀量/ (t·a^-1) average soil loss
甘井子区 Ganjingzi	1.948	0.291	0.646	0.344	0.237	0.273	0.157	5 256.15	10 236.36
金州区 Jinzhou	7.475	3.441	2.638	0.545	0.318	0.301	0.232	2 209.29	16 512.99
旅顺口区 Lüshunkou	2.016	0.518	0.700	0.237	0.173	0.210	0.178	4 610.48	9 294.99
普兰店区 Pulandian	0.371	0.273	0.072	0.014	0.006	0.004	0.002	602.82	223.44
瓦房店市 Wafangdian	0.575	0.183	0.166	0.074	0.049	0.066	0.037	3 940.29	2 265.01
庄河市 Zhuanghe	0.690	0.414	0.209	0.041	0.015	0.008	0.003	875.61	604.92
平均土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus		48.35	1 008.30	3 596.89	6 378.34	11 035.32	25 195.47
平均土壤侵蚀量/ (t·a^-1) average soil loss		247.64	4 468.20	4 511.89	5 088.86	9 502.72	15 318.38

年份 year	土壤侵蚀强度 soil erosion intensity	微度 micro	轻度 slight	中度 moderate	强烈 strong	极强烈 extreme	剧烈 severe	总计 total
	微度 micro	4.947	1.343	0.072	0.060	0.075	0.219	6.714
	轻度 slight	0.100	2.210	1.040	0.508	0.410	0.298	4.565
	中度 moderate	0.005	0.038	0.088	0.100	0.292	0.408	0.932
2015—2018	强烈 strong	0.003	0.008	0.009	0.023	0.059	0.353	0.454
	极强烈 extreme	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.004	0.018	0.272	0.299
	剧烈 severe	0	0	0	0	0.001	0.109	0.110
	总计 total	5.057	3.600	1.210	0.695	0.854	1.659	13.074
	微度 micro	4.740	0.286	0.009	0.004	0.011	0.007	5.057
	轻度 slight	0.737	2.511	0.262	0.044	0.023	0.022	3.600
	中度 moderate	0.074	0.563	0.398	0.104	0.057	0.015	1.210
2018—2020	强烈 strong	0.040	0.174	0.228	0.151	0.082	0.020	0.695
	极强烈 extreme	0.046	0.154	0.156	0.197	0.228	0.074	0.854
	剧烈 severe	0.032	0.195	0.167	0.194	0.422	0.649	1.659
	总计 total	5.669	3.882	1.220	0.695	0.823	0.786	13.074

种植设施类别 class of planting facility	面积/km² area	平均土壤侵蚀模数/(t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus	平均土壤侵蚀量/(t·a^-1) average soil loss	多年平均降水量/mm average precipitation
Ⅰ	1.61	0	0	623.83
Ⅱ	0.39	2 214.58	572.27	604.65
Ⅲ	11.08	3 233.36	35 823.34	598.00

基于CSLE模型的大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征研究

The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model

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