【目的】 为实现竹笋中3,4-二羟基苯乙酸、对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、咖啡酸、对羟基苯甲醛、丁香醛、阿魏酸、3-羟基肉桂酸等8种酚酸类化合物的快速检测,建立一种基于高效液相色谱-二极管阵列(HPLC-PDA)检测方法。【方法】 采用Symmetry C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,乙腈和乙酸-水(体积比0.5∶99.5)为流动相,在流速1.0 mL/min、进样量10 μL和柱温30 ℃的条件下梯度洗脱,检测波长275 nm。【结果】 8种酚酸的分离度均在1.5以上,在1.0~50.0 μg/mL的线性范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数R≥0.999 0,检出限[信号强度(S)与噪声强度(N)之比(S/N)为3]为0.12~0.69 μg/mL,定量限(S/N=10)为0.36~2.08 μg/mL,精密度、重复性、稳定性实验相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%,加标回收率为80.99%~129.12%,RSD均小于5%。应用该方法,检测了苦竹(Pleioblastus amarus)和苦篱竹(Arundinaria acerba)竹笋中酚酸类物质的含量,8种酚酸总量为(9.35±0.08)~(38.60±0.12) mg/kg;比较了自然生长和避光处理生长条件下苦竹笋中酚酸含量的变化,发现避光处理的竹笋中6种酚酸含量显著降低,总含量下降达46.2%。【结论】 HPLC-PDA检测方法简单方便,灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于竹笋中酚酸类物质的测定;避光处理可以有效降低苦竹笋样品中酚酸类物质的含量。

【Objective】 Phenolic acids are present in almost all plant-derived foods, and are associated with the organoleptic and nutritional properties of foods. A high-performance liquid chromatography-photo-diode array (HPLC-PDA) method was established for the simultaneous detection of eight phenolic acids in bamboo shoots: 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, syringaldehyde, ferulic acid and 3-hydroxycinnamic acid. 【Method】 Eight phenolic acids were separated on a Symmetry C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm). Acetonitrile (phase A) and 0.5% acetic acid solution (phase B) were used as the mobile phase, the injection volume was 10 μL, and the detection wavelength was 275 nm. The analysis was performed at 30 ℃ with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. 【Result】 Eight phenolic acids were successfully separated (resolution>1.5), and had a good linear relationship (R ≥ 0.999 0) with a linear range of 1.0-50.0 μg/mL. The detection limits (S/N=3) were 0.12-0.69 μg/mL and the quantification limits (S/N=10) were 0.36-2.08 μg/mL. Precision, repeatability, and stability tests yielded relative standard deviations (RSD) of <5%. Additionally, the recoveries of phenolic acids were 80.99%-129.12%, and the RSD values associated with the recoveries were also <5%. The phenolic acid contents in the actual samples of Pleioblastus amarus bamboo shoots and Arundinaria acerba bamboo shoots were determined using an established method. The contents of eight phenolic acids in the actual bamboo shoots samples varied from (9.35±0.08) to (38.60±0.12) mg/kg. A comparative analysis of phenolic acids in P. amarus bamboo shoots grown under a shading treatment and normal conditions was conducted based on this method. Compared to the shoots grown under normal conditions, the contents of six phenolic acids in P. amarus bamboo shoots grown under the shading treatment were lower, and the content of total detected phenolic acids decreased by 46.2%.【Conclusion】 The method developed here is simple, sensitive, accurate and reliable, and is suitable for determining phenolic acids in bamboo shoots. The results showed that a shading treatment downregulated the accumulation of phenolic acids in P. amarus bamboo shoots.