元宝枫幼苗生长及光合特性对水肥耦合的响应

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302008

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 113-122.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302008

元宝枫幼苗生长及光合特性对水肥耦合的响应

李潘亭(), 杜满义, 王玥, 裴顺祥, 辛学兵^*()

中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心,北京 102300

收稿日期:2023-02-07 修回日期:2023-04-06 出版日期:2024-09-30 发布日期:2024-10-03
通讯作者: * 辛学兵(xinxb01@163.com),研究员。
作者简介:
李潘亭(pantin09@163.com)。
基金资助:
中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(CAFYBB2020ZB005)

The growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Acer truncatum seedlings in response to soil water and fertilizer coupling

LI Panting(), DU Manyi, WANG Yue, PEI Shunxiang, XIN Xuebing^*()

Experimental Centre of Forestry in North China,Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300,China

Received:2023-02-07 Revised:2023-04-06 Online:2024-09-30 Published:2024-10-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究元宝枫(Acer truncatum)幼苗生长及光合生理特性对水肥耦合的响应,分析比较元宝枫幼苗生长最佳水肥组合。【方法】以1年生元宝枫幼苗为研究对象,采用土壤含水率及氮、磷、钾施肥量4因素4水平正交试验设计,共计16个处理,水肥耦合试验后测定元宝枫幼苗生长指标、叶片相对叶绿素含量SPAD值、光合特性及光响应曲线。【结果】随施肥量的增加,各指标大致呈现先上升后下降的趋势。当土壤含水率为75%,施N、P、K量为1.2、1.8、0 g/株时,元宝枫幼苗地径、总生物量显著高于其他处理。合理的水肥耦合可以显著提高元宝枫幼苗苗高、地径及总生物量。此外,各水肥耦合处理对弱光的利用能力差异不大,氮肥对元宝枫幼苗的最大净光合速率和光饱和点影响显著。各处理间水分利用效率(WUE)无显著性差异,表明元宝枫幼苗在较低土壤含水率下也能正常生长,抗旱能力强。水肥对元宝枫幼苗生长影响由高到低排序为氮肥>土壤含水率>钾肥>磷肥,基于综合评分法可知最佳的水肥组合为T14,即土壤含水率75%、氮肥1.2 g/株、磷肥1.8 g/株和钾肥0 g/株。【结论】水肥耦合效应对地径和生物量影响显著,对苗高影响不显著,土壤含水率、氮肥对各生长指标影响显著,研究结果可为元宝枫水肥合理利用提供理论依据。

关键词: 元宝枫, 水肥耦合, 光合特性, 生长指标

Abstract:

【Objective】 This research aims to investigate the growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Acer truncatum seedlings in response to water-fertilizer coupling, and to analyze the optimal water-fertilizer combination for the growth of A. truncatum seedlings. 【Method】 One-year-old A. truncatum seedlings were subjected to varying water and fertilizer couplings in an orthogonal test design involving four factors and four levels of soil water content, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, resulting in 16 treatments. Growth indexes, relative chlorophyll content of the leaves SPAD values, photosynthetic characteristics, and light response curves were measured after the treatments. 【Result】 The growth indices generally increased firstly and then decreased with increasing fertilization amount. At a soil water content of 75%,1.2, 1.8 and 0 g/plant of N, P, K, respectively, the diameter and total biomass of the plant were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Suitable soil water and fertilizer coupling could significantly improve the height, ground diameter, and total biomass of A. truncatum seedlings. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the utilization ability of low light among different soil water and fertilizer coupling treatments, and nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on the maximum net photosynthetic rate and light saturation point of A. truncatum seedlings. In addition, there was no significant difference in water use efficiency (WUE) between the different treatments for A. truncatum seedlings. The seedlings grew normally even under lower water conditions, such as 45% soil water content, and exhibited strong drought resistance. The effects of soil water and fertilizer on the growth of A. truncatum seedlings were ranked from high to low as nitrogen fertilizer > soil water content > potash fertilizer > phosphate fertilizer, based on a comprehensive scoring method. The optimal combination of water and fertilizer was 75% soil water content, with fertilizer comprising 1.2 g of nitrogen, 1.8 g of phosphorous, and 0 g of potassium per plant. 【Conclusion】 Water-fertilizer coupling had a significant effect on ground diameter and biomass of A. truncatum seedlings, but an insignificant effect on seedling height, while soil water content and nitrogen fertilizer also had a significant effect on the growth indexes of the seedlings. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the appropriate use of soil water and fertilizer in A. truncatum.

Key words: Acer truncatum, water and fertilizer coupling, photosynthetic characteristics, growth index

中图分类号:

S723

李潘亭,杜满义,王玥,等. 元宝枫幼苗生长及光合特性对水肥耦合的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 113-122.

LI Panting, DU Manyi, WANG Yue, PEI Shunxiang, XIN Xuebing. The growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Acer truncatum seedlings in response to soil water and fertilizer coupling[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(5): 113-122.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302008.

图/表 8

表1

表2

图1

表3

表4

图2

表5

不同水肥耦合处理下的元宝枫幼苗叶片净光合速率对光合有效辐射响应的特征参数"

处理号 treatment No.		表观量子效率 AQY		P_n,max/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)		光饱和点/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) LSP		光补偿点/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) LCP		暗呼吸速率/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) dark respiration
T1		0.05±0.02 abc		3.27±0.57 bcde		769.41±198.55 de		14.58±1.30 b		0.62±0.12 a
T2		0.07±0.02 ab		5.58±1.36 abc		1 164.69±71.57 a		9.43±5.42 b		0.56±0.36 a
T3		0.03±0.01 c		2.54±1.72 cde		845.71±69.39 bcde		24.02±20.86 ab		0.39±0.20 a
T4		0.04±0.03 bc		1.31±1.08 e		566.13±116.64 e		20.56±15.28 ab		0.48±0.54 a
T5		0.08±0.00 a		6.32±0.45 ab		841.71±33.94 bcde		6.13±1.34 b		0.46±0.08 a
T6		0.05±0.02 abc		3.97±0.97 abcde		1 096.23±287.48 abc		11.35±6.80 b		0.52±0.29 a
T7		0.04±0.02 bc		2.53±1.14 cde		861.27±292.45 bcde		11.44±5.47 b		0.31±0.12 a
T8		0.06±0.01 abc		1.86±0.74 de		683.31±198.36 de		10.94±5.22 b		0.51±0.25 a
T9		0.04±0.01 bc		4.64±2.48 abcd		1 114.50±203.82 ab		15.72±8.99 b		0.59±0.25 a
T10		0.04±0.02 bc		3.11±1.34 cde		821.61±104.72 bcde		18.00±9.86 ab		0.55±0.08 a
T11		0.04±0.03 bc		3.71±2.50 abcde		864.43±59.74 bcde		12.97±9.63 b		0.36±0.25 a
T12		0.04±0.01 bc		2.16±1.32 de		602.82±48.22 de		15.39±5.10 b		0.43±0.06 a
T13		0.06±0.03 ab		6.52±2.89 a		888.43±92.48 abcd		14.49±10.01 b		0.73±0.25 a
T14		0.05±0.01 abc		6.83±3.09 a		1 165.89±47.41 a		20.48±11.50 ab		0.88±0.42 a
T15		0.06±0.02 abc		3.36±0.61 bcde		751.90±98.55 de		7.87±4.04 b		0.38±0.17 a
T16		0.05±0.01 abc		0.89±0.47 e		816.97±155.94 cde		39.01±29.47 a		0.85±0.56 a
处理 treatment			表观量子效率 AQY		P_n,max/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)		光饱和点/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) LSP		光补偿点/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) LCP	暗呼吸速率/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) dark respiration
	W		2.00		1.23		0.46		1.66	1.91
	N		2.54		12.64^***		13.76^***		1.32	2.07
F值 F-value	P		1.64		1.68		2.60		1.58	0.57
	K		1.69		1.30		0.49		1.57	0.16
	W×N×P×K		0.77		2.10		4.66^***		0.55	0.12

表5

表6

参考文献 41

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处理号 treatment No.		苗高/cm seedling height	地径/mm ground diameter	地上干质量/g dry weight of shoots	根系干质量/g dry weight of roots	总生物量/g total biomass
T1		28.26±0.49 a	2.94±0.08 bc	1.32±0.39 bc	3.38±0.26 bc	4.69±0.61 abc
T2		28.78±0.38 a	3.01±0.04 b	1.54±0.03 abc	3.43±0.37 bc	4.96±0.37 bc
T3		28.66±0.73 a	3.01±0.04 b	1.18±0.13 bc	3.40±0.57 bc	4.58±0.64 abc
T4		27.43±0.16 a	2.85±0.03 c	1.00±0.15 c	2.70±0.22 c	3.70±0.35 d
T5		28.70±0.91 a	2.98±0.10 bc	1.90±0.32 a	3.61±0.59 b	5.51±0.70 b
T6		28.68±1.17 a	2.92±0.08 bc	1.26±0.45 bc	3.07±0.20 bc	4.33±0.63 cd
T7		28.20±0.48 a	2.90±0.03 bc	1.26±0.43 bc	2.96±0.80 bc	4.22±1.17 cd
T8		27.68±1.18 a	2.87±0.01 c	1.19±0.22 bc	2.71±0.37 c	3.90±0.59 cd
T9		28.41±0.77 a	2.92±0.08 bc	1.70±0.18 ab	3.01±0.55 bc	4.71±0.67 abc
T10		28.48±1.07 a	2.87±0.07 c	1.36±0.54 bc	3.03±0.24 bc	4.38±0.46 cd
T11		28.29±0.88 a	2.95±0.12 bc	1.38±0.18 bc	2.95±0.24 bc	4.33±0.36 cd
T12		28.07±1.42 a	2.87±0.07 c	1.21±0.06 bc	3.09±0.53 bc	4.30±0.57 cd
T13		28.49±1.38 a	2.95±0.09 bc	1.92±0.30 a	4.75±0.41 a	6.67±0.63 a
T14		28.74±1.27 a	3.29±0.11 a	2.01±0.64 a	5.06±0.17 a	7.07±0.81 a
T15		27.72±0.72 a	2.94±0.08 bc	1.17±0.14 bc	3.57±0.65 b	4.74±0.65 abc
T16		27.23±0.14 a	2.95±0.06 bc	1.04±0.06 c	3.33±0.66 bc	4.36±0.64 cd
	W	0.32	9.80^***	2.05	21.25^***	14.93^***
	N	4.09^*	9.29^***	11.72^***	9.00^***	14.78^***
F值 F-value	P	0.30	8.15^***	2.16	1.67	2.76
	K	0.28	4.23^*	1.55	3.67^*	3.77^*
	W×N×P×K	0.68	6.69^**	2.67	3.94^*	4.42^**

处理号 treatment No.		净光合速率/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) P_n	蒸腾速率/ (mmol·m^-2·s^-1) T_r	气孔导度/ (mmol·m^-2·s^-1) G_s	胞间CO₂浓度/ (μmol·mol^-1) C_i	水分利用效率/ (mmol·mol^-1) WUE
T1		3.28±1.22 abc	1.44±0.70 abcd	0.04±0.01 abcd	238.01±32.63 ab	2.49±1.01 a
T2		4.38±1.26 a	1.71±1.00 ab	0.04±0.01 abc	213.56±16.77 ab	2.95±0.92 a
T3		1.43±1.13 bc	0.57±0.15 efg	0.02±0.01 cd	258.72±48.53 a	2.39±1.45 a
T4		1.40±0.37 bc	0.54±0.15 fg	0.01±0.00 d	192.46±43.00 ab	2.59±0.36 a
T5		3.31±1.97 abc	1.58±0.87 abc	0.04±0.03 ab	260.98±37.95 a	2.16±0.48 a
T6		3.42±1.26 ab	1.39±0.38 abcdef	0.04±0.02 abcd	236.93±46.62 ab	2.46±0.73 a
T7		2.53±1.67 abc	0.99±0.53 bcdefg	0.02±0.01 bcd	245.01±47.38 ab	2.49±1.52 a
T8		1.32±0.33 c	0.58±0.27 efg	0.01±0.01 cd	210.20±79.43 ab	2.89±2.07 a
T9		3.67±1.22 a	1.57±0.44 abc	0.04±0.02 abc	244.07±32.70 ab	2.40±0.73 a
T10		3.30±0.82 abc	1.41±0.64 abcde	0.03±0.01 abcd	223.88±14.89 ab	2.69±1.36 a
T11		2.38±0.74 abc	0.76±0.40 cdefg	0.02±0.01 bcd	161.51±71.96 b	3.54±1.07 a
T12		1.35±0.79 c	0.52±0.21 g	0.01±0.00 d	174.82±91.66 ab	3.19±2.36 a
T13		4.19±1.46 a	2.05±0.44 a	0.05±0.03 a	248.49±59.26 ab	2.12±0.83 a
T14		4.21±1.22 a	2.18±0.63 a	0.04±0.01 ab	226.02±30.43 ab	2.02±0.66 a
T15		3.50±1.88 a	1.08±0.35 bcdef	0.03±0.02 abcd	193.19±93.94 ab	3.30±1.36 a
T16		1.42±0.97 bc	0.66±0.25 defg	0.01±0.00 cd	236.89±67.40 ab	2.46±1.82 a
	W	1.23	0.67	1.46	1.24	0.70
	N	13.62^***	5.07^***	12.01^***	1.81	0.53
F值 F-value	P	0.57	0.12	0.32	0.56	0.70
	K	1.06	0.19	0.33	1.26	0.79
	W×N×P×K	0.29	0.08	0.04	0.67	0.90

指标	P_n	T_r	G_s	C_i	WUE
P_n	1
T_r	0.943^**	1
G_s	0.946^**	0.965^**	1
C_i	0.283	0.432	0.492	1
WUE	-0.289	-0.535^*	-0.507^*	-0.853^**	1

元宝枫幼苗生长及光合特性对水肥耦合的响应

The growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Acer truncatum seedlings in response to soil water and fertilizer coupling

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处理号 treatment No.	土壤含水率/% soil water content	施肥量/(g·株^-1) fertilizer amount
处理号 treatment No.	土壤含水率/% soil water content	N	P	K
T1	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
T2	45	1.2	0.9	0.6
T3	45	2.4	1.8	1.2
T4	45	3.6	2.7	1.8
T5	55	0.0	0.9	1.2
T6	55	1.2	0.0	1.8
T7	55	2.4	2.7	0.0
T8	55	3.6	1.8	0.6
T9	65	0.0	1.8	1.8
T10	65	1.2	2.7	1.2
T11	65	2.4	0.0	0.6
T12	65	3.6	0.9	0.0
T13	75	0.0	2.7	0.6
T14	75	1.2	1.8	0.0
T15	75	2.4	0.9	1.8
T16	75	3.6	0.0	1.2

处理号 treatment No.	根冠比 root-shoot ratio	高径比 height- diameter ratio	总生物量 total biomass	SPAD值 SPAD value	P_n	水分利用效率 WUE	P_n,max	光饱和点 LSP	综合得分 comprehensive score
T1	0.68	0.27	0.29	0.06	0.64	0.31	0.40	0.34	0.45
T2	0.31	0.31	0.38	0.52	1.00	0.61	0.79	1.00	0.74
T3	0.77	0.33	0.26	0.28	0.04	0.24	0.28	0.47	0.29
T4	0.66	0.26	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.38	0.07	0.00	0.13
T5	0.12	0.23	0.54	0.12	0.65	0.10	0.91	0.46	0.57
T6	0.63	0.07	0.19	0.46	0.69	0.29	0.52	0.88	0.55
T7	0.44	0.17	0.15	0.22	0.40	0.31	0.28	0.49	0.33
T8	0.36	0.23	0.06	0.12	0.00	0.57	0.16	0.20	0.18
T9	0.00	0.15	0.30	0.33	0.77	0.25	0.63	0.91	0.55
T10	0.68	0.00	0.20	0.50	0.65	0.44	0.37	0.43	0.46
T11	0.26	0.29	0.19	0.51	0.35	1.00	0.48	0.50	0.44
T12	0.53	0.11	0.18	0.40	0.01	0.77	0.21	0.06	0.23
T13	0.50	0.22	0.88	0.36	0.94	0.07	0.95	0.54	0.74
T14	0.66	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.94	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.86
T15	0.91	0.42	0.31	0.81	0.71	0.84	0.42	0.31	0.55
T16	1.00	0.58	0.20	0.71	0.03	0.29	0.00	0.42	0.23

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