基于生态空间识别的江苏省域自然风景体系构建

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208010

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 156-164.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208010

基于生态空间识别的江苏省域自然风景体系构建

唐晓岚¹^,²(), 陈亚琳¹, 陈庆¹, 宋天锐¹

1.南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学中国特色生态文明建设与林业发展研究院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2022-08-02 修回日期:2023-08-07 出版日期:2024-09-30 发布日期:2024-10-03
作者简介:
唐晓岚(398887917@qq.com),教授。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31270746);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(2022YJA760075);国家林业和草原局林业遗产与森林环境史研究中心项目(2021LYYB02);中国学位与研究生教育学会农林学科工作委员会研究生教育管理课题(2019-NLZX-ZD15)

Construction of natural landscape system in Jiangsu Province based on spatial distribution characteristics and ecological space identification

TANG Xiaolan¹^,²(), CHEN Yalin¹, CHEN Qing¹, SONG Tianrui¹

1. College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Academy of Chinese Ecological Progress and Forestry Development Studies, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2022-08-02 Revised:2023-08-07 Online:2024-09-30 Published:2024-10-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】为了全面保护、合理开发和有效利用自然风景资源,缓解江苏省自然资源景观破碎化、孤岛化严重及资源分布不均衡的状况。【方法】运用ArcGIS平台空间分析技术,包括最邻近指数、核密度分析和可达性分析,揭示江苏省自然风景资源保护地的空间分布特征。结合国土空间规划下“双评价”依据,针对江苏省自然环境状况进行了以生态系统服务功能重要性评价和生态脆弱性评价为主导的生态保护重要性评价,根据评价的结果识别了江苏省的生态空间,将以上结果与江苏省相应的自然地理表征和人文地理表征等进行叠加分析。【结果】明确了江苏省自然风景资源保护地的分布规律和区域差异性,为自然风景斑块、廊道、优势区域的选择提供了现实依据。确定出江苏省9处自然风景斑块、7条自然风景廊道和2个自然风景优势区域,共同组成了以自然风景资源保护地为依托,以斑块、廊道、基质为主导的江苏省自然风景体系。【结论】该风景体系通过量化的方式,考虑江苏省自然地理特征,将空间概念运用到风景资源的研究中,有助于加强自然风景资源保护地之间的联系,优化资源整合,营造更适合江苏省自然风景资源保护地保护和发展的景观格局,实现对江苏省自然风景资源保护地建设的有效引导,并为其合理开发和利用提供科学依据。

关键词: 自然风景资源保护地, 空间分布特征, 生态空间识别, 自然风景体系, 江苏省

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to comprehensively protect, rationally develop as well as effectively utilize natural scenic resources and alleviate the fragmentation, islanding and uneven distribution of natural resource landscapes in Jiangsu Province.【Method】 Using ArcGIS spatial analysis technology, the spatial distribution characteristics of natural landscape resources in Jiangsu Province were obtained from the Nearest Neighbor Index (NNI) and results of the kernel density analysis and accessibility analysis. Also, based on the double evaluation' of the land and space planning and the natural environment of Jiangsu Province, an ecological protection evaluation, including evaluations of the ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity, was conducted. Based on the evaluation results, the ecological space of Jiangsu Province was delineated. The above results are superimposed with the corresponding physical and human geographical characterizations of Jiangsu Province. 【Result】 The distribution and regional differences of protected areas of natural landscape resources in Jiangsu Province were revealed, which provided a realistic basis for the selection of natural landscape patches, corridors and advantageous regions. Nine natural landscape patches, seven natural landscape corridors and two natural landscape dominant areas in Jiangsu Province were delineated. Also, a natural landscape system in Jiangsu Province was formed based on natural landscape resources dominated by patches, corridors and substrates. 【Conclusion】 The landscape system applied the spatial concept to the study of landscape resources. This approach helps to strengthen the connection between protected areas of natural landscape resources, improve the integration and optimization of resources, create a landscape pattern more suitable for the protection and development of natural landscape resources in Jiangsu Province, and provide effective guidance for the protection and construction of natural landscape resources in Jiangsu Province and a scientific basis for reasonable development and utilization.

Key words: protected area of natural landscape resources, spatial distribution characteristics, ecological space identification, natural landscape system, Jiangsu Province

中图分类号:

S73
TU985

唐晓岚,陈亚琳,陈庆,等. 基于生态空间识别的江苏省域自然风景体系构建[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 156-164.

TANG Xiaolan, CHEN Yalin, CHEN Qing, SONG Tianrui. Construction of natural landscape system in Jiangsu Province based on spatial distribution characteristics and ecological space identification[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(5): 156-164.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208010.

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类型 type	国家级 national level	省级 provincial level	总计 total	占比/% proportion	类型 type	国家级 national level	省级 provincial level	总计 total	占比/% proportion
森林公园forest park	23	41	64	19.51	矿山公园mine park	2	0	2	0.61
湿地公园wetland park	26	36	62	18.90	地质公园geopark	4	7	11	3.36
自然保护区nature reserve	3	12	15	4.59	水利风景区water conservancy scenic spots	61	90	151	46.04
风景名胜区scenic spots	5	17	22	6.73

自然风景资源保护地类型 types of natural landscape resources	实际最邻近距离r₁ actual nearest distance	理论最邻近距离r_E theoretical nearest distance	最邻近点指数 R nearest neighbor index
森林公园forest park	19 233.324	20 377.977	0.943 829
湿地公园wetland park	23 243.154	20 704.040	1.122 639
自然保护区nature reserve	61 985.834	42 092.560	1.472 608
风景名胜区scenic spots	31 253.380	34 756.780	0.899 202
地质公园geopark	47 704.670	49 153.520	0.970 524
水利风景区water park	12 134.480	13 266.690	0.914 658
自然风景资源保护地protected areas of natural landscape resources	5 289.740	9 001.470	0.587 653

项目 item	指标 index	同级权重 same level weight	全局权重 global weight
生态脆弱性 ecological vulnerability	地形	0.076 8	0.076 8
	植被	0.170 4	0.170 4
	土地利用	0.378 5	0.378 5
	气候	0.109 8	0.109 8
	土壤	0.264 5	0.264 5
地形 terrain	高程	0.200 0	0.015 4
	坡度	0.200 0	0.015 4
	地形起伏度	0.600 0	0.046 1
植被 vegetation	植被覆盖度	0.666 7	0.113 6
	植被净初级生产力	0.333 3	0.056 8
土地利用类型 land use type	土地利用类型	0.681 7	0.258 0
	路网密度	0.102 5	0.038 8
	水网密度	0.215 8	0.081 7
气候 climate	气温	0.333 3	0.036 6
	降水	0.666 7	0.073 2
土壤 soil	土壤质地	0.195 8	0.051 8
	土壤有机质含量	0.493 4	0.130 5
	土壤侵蚀强度	0.310 8	0.082 2

评价因子 evaluation factor	不脆弱(1) not fragile	比较不脆弱(3) less fragile	一般(5) common	脆弱(7) fragile	极脆弱(9) extremely fragile
高程elevation	<16	[16,45)	[45,106)	[106,229)	≥229
坡度slope	<1.7	[1.7,4.5)	[4.5,10)	[10,19)	≥19
地形起伏度topographic relief	<2	[2,7)	[7,16)	[16,31)	≥31
植被覆盖度vegetation coverage	≥0.86	[0.71,0.86)	[0.53,0.71)	[0.25,0.53)	<0.25
植被净初级生产力NPP	≥1 010	[803,1 010)	[570,803)	[216,570)	<216
土地利用类型land use type	大型河流湖泊、林地	水库、坑塘、水田、草地	建设用地、旱田	沼泽地、盐碱地	裸地、滩涂
水网密度river density	≥0.43	[0.34,0.43)	[0.25,0.34)	[0.15,0.25)	<0.15
路网密度road network density	<0.14	[0.14,0.22)	[0.22,0.3)	[0.3,0.39)	≥0.39
气温air temperature	≥16.8	[16.3,16.8)	[15.6,16.3)	[15,15.6)	<15
降水precipitation	≥1 316	[1 187,1 316)	[1 044,1 187)	[891,1 044)	<891
土壤质地soil texture		壤土	黏土	砂土
土壤有机质含量soil organic matter content	≥5.66	[2.02,5.66)	[1.29,2.02)	[0.34,1.29)	<0.34
土壤侵蚀强度soil erosion intensity	轻度	较轻	一般	较严重	严重

基于生态空间识别的江苏省域自然风景体系构建

Construction of natural landscape system in Jiangsu Province based on spatial distribution characteristics and ecological space identification

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