江苏宜兴龙池山自然保护区固定样地物种组成分析

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202007039

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 159-168.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202007039

江苏宜兴龙池山自然保护区固定样地物种组成分析

伊贤贵¹(), 董鹏¹, 谢春平², 彭智奇¹, 杨国栋³, 董京京¹, 钟育谦⁴, 翟飞飞⁴, 王贤荣¹

1. 南京林业大学生物与环境学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,亚热带森林生物多样性保护国家林业与草原局重点实验室,江苏南京 210037
2. 广东海洋大学滨海农学院,广东湛江 524088
3. 江苏省环境科学研究院, 江苏南京 210029
4. 江苏省野生动植物保护站,江苏南京 210036

收稿日期:2020-07-19 接受日期:2021-08-28 出版日期:2021-11-30 发布日期:2021-12-02
基金资助:
绿色江苏专项资金项目;第二次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查专项资金项目;宜兴龙池山地带性植被动态固定样地建设项目

An analysis on species composition of a permanent plot on the Longchi Mountain, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province

YI Xiangui¹(), DONG Peng¹, XIE Chunping², PENG Zhiqi¹, YANG Guodong³, DONG Jingjing¹, ZHONG Yuqian⁴, ZHAI Feifei⁴, WANG Xianrong¹

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing 210037, China
2. College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
3. Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210029, China
4. Jiangsu Wildlife Protection Station, Nanjing 210036, China

Received:2020-07-19 Accepted:2021-08-28 Online:2021-11-30 Published:2021-12-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的宜溧山地是江苏植物多样性及植被保护最好的地区之一,分析江苏宜兴龙池山固定样地的物种组成及群落垂直结构等基本特征,为该区域生物多样性保护、植被恢复策略制定以及生态服务功能的评估等提供参考。方法按照CTFS(center for tropical forest science)的建设标准,在江苏省宜兴市龙池山自然保护区建立1 hm²(100 m×100 m)的森林监测固定样地。对样地内所有胸径(DBH)≥1 cm的木本植物进行了详细定位调查,并对其挂牌标记、定位和记录,并就群落物种组成、区系特征、重要值、群落垂直结构和径级特征进行了详细分析。结果该固定样地内DBH≥1cm的木本植物共有4 944株,隶属于40科66属87种;其中樟科、壳斗科、金缕梅科、漆树科等占有较大优势。在属的水平上,温带区系成分占总属数的51.51%,热带区系成分占45.45%,区系具有过渡性。重要值≥1.00%的物种共有25个,占重要值总和的90%以上,其中山鸡椒、檵木、枹栎和野漆树的重要值较为突出,分别为12.65%、11.00%、7.89%和7.39%。根据群落高度可划分为4层,其中乔木Ⅱ层是当前群落的主体,乔木Ⅲ层较为拥挤。群落径级结构接近倒“J”形, 表明群落更新良好。结论样地内木本植株数量较多,物种组成丰富,具有天然次生林特征;区系成分较为复杂,具有明显的过渡特征;植被正由常绿与落叶阔叶混交林向常绿阔叶林演替;减少人为干扰和生境破坏,是促进当前群落健康发展及物种多样性的关键。

关键词: 物种组成, 区系特征, 重要值, 群落结构, 龙池山, 江苏宜兴

Abstract:

【Objective】The plant diversity and vegetation are rich in the Yixing-Liyang mountainous, as they are among the best protected areas in Jiangsu Province. This study analyzed the basic characteristics of species composition and the community structure of permanent plots in Longchi Mountain of Yixing, which can provide a reference for the biodiversity protection, vegetation restoration strategy formulation, and ecological service function evaluation.【Method】Based on the protocols of the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS), a 1 hm² (100 m × 100 m) permanent plot was established in the Longchi Mountain Nature Reserve of Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, China, in 2019. All free-standing woody plants in the fixed plot with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm were mapped, tagged, measured, and recorded to species levels. Species composition, floristic features, importance values of families and species, the vertical structure of community, and DBH size class of overall target individuals were analyzed in detail. 【Result】Overall, 4 944 free-standing individuals with DBH ≥ 1 cm were documented, belonging to 87 species, 66 genera and 40 families. The dominant families were Lauraceae, Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae and Anacardiaceae. At the genus level, tropical and temperate elements shared 51.51% and 45.45%, respectively, with a feature of floristic transition. There were 25 species with an importance value (SIV) ≥ 1% that contributed to 90% of the total SIV. The top four dominant species were Litsea cubeba, Loropetalum chinense, Quercus serrata and Toxicodendron succedaneum with SIV 12.65%, 11.00%, 7.89% and 7.39%, respectively. The community was divided into four layers based on the vertical structure of the plants. The main body of the community was in the layer Ⅱ, and the layer Ⅲ was relatively more crowded. The DBH distribution of all individuals in the plot showed a reversed “J” pattern, indicating a good regeneration. 【Conclusion】In the sampled plot, the number of trees was high and the species composition was rich. In addition, the floristics were complex. The current vegetation has distinct natural secondary forest and transitional properties. It is developing from the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaf mixed forest to the evergreen broad-leaf forest. To protect the species diversity and maintain community health development, it is critical to reduce human disturbances and habitat destructions.

Key words: species composition, floristic feature, importance value, community structure, Longchi Mountain, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province

中图分类号:

S718.3

伊贤贵,董鹏,谢春平,等. 江苏宜兴龙池山自然保护区固定样地物种组成分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(6): 159-168.

YI Xiangui, DONG Peng, XIE Chunping, PENG Zhiqi, YANG Guodong, DONG Jingjing, ZHONG Yuqian, ZHAI Feifei, WANG Xianrong. An analysis on species composition of a permanent plot on the Longchi Mountain, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(6): 159-168.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202007039.

图/表 8

表1

(续)"

科 families	属 genus	种 species	多度 abundance	胸径和/cm sum of DBH	相对多样性/% relative diversity	相对多度/% relative abundance	相对优势度/% relative dominant	科重要值/% family important value
榆科 Ulmaceae	2	2	103	907.60	2.30	2.08	3.83	2.74
八角枫科 Alangiaceae	1	1	157	886.75	1.15	3.18	3.74	2.69
山矾科 Symplocaceae	1	3	112	521.91	3.45	2.27	2.20	2.64
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	5	5	18	86.81	5.75	0.36	0.37	2.16
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	2	3	86	218.43	3.45	1.74	0.92	2.04
木犀科 Oleaceae	2	3	86	200.64	3.45	1.74	0.85	2.01
蝶形花科 Papilionaceae	4	4	21	145.11	4.60	0.42	0.61	1.88
山茶科 Theaceae	1	2	85	288.28	2.30	1.72	1.22	1.75
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae	2	3	56	145.44	3.45	1.13	0.61	1.73
芸香科 Rutaceae	1	1	66	317.91	1.15	1.33	1.34	1.28
省沽油科 Staphyleaceae	1	1	81	220.13	1.15	1.64	0.93	1.24
卫矛科 Celastraceae	2	3	4	13.29	3.45	0.08	0.06	1.20
柿树科 Ebenaceae	1	1	42	338.00	1.15	0.85	1.43	1.14
苦木科 Simaroubaceae	1	1	1	9.60	1.15	0.02	0.04	0.40
桑科 Moraceae	2	2	2	18.52	2.30	0.04	0.08	0.81
青皮木科 Schoepfiaceae	1	1	14	59.88	1.15	0.28	0.25	0.56
松科 Pinaceae	1	1	6	85.28	1.15	0.12	0.36	0.54
胡桃科 Juglandaceae	1	1	8	46.86	1.15	0.16	0.20	0.50
玄参科 Scrophulariaceae	1	1	6	44.03	1.15	0.12	0.19	0.49
大麻科 Cannabaceae	1	1	7	27.46	1.15	0.14	0.12	0.47
紫草科 Boraginaceae	1	1	5	33.18	1.15	0.10	0.14	0.46
茜草科 Rubiaceae	1	1	7	19.14	1.15	0.14	0.08	0.46
含羞草科 Mimosaceae	1	1	4	17.06	1.15	0.08	0.07	0.43
槭树科 Aceraceae	1	1	2	19.53	1.15	0.04	0.08	0.42
杉科 Taxodiaceae	1	1	1	14.20	1.15	0.02	0.06	0.41
椴树科 Tiliaceae	1	1	2	8.00	1.15	0.04	0.03	0.41
木兰科 Magnoliaceae	1	1	2	5.60	1.15	0.04	0.02	0.40
山茱萸科 Cornaceae	1	1	2	5.00	1.15	0.04	0.02	0.40
五加科 Araliaceae	1	1	2	4.59	1.15	0.04	0.02	0.40
云实科 Caesalpiniaceae	1	1	1	9.10	1.15	0.02	0.04	0.40
清风藤科 Sabiaceae	1	1	1	2.66	1.15	0.02	0.01	0.39
忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae	1	1	1	1.85	1.15	0.02	0.01	0.39
鼠李科 Rhamnaceae	1	1	1	1.12	1.15	0.02	0.00	0.39
总计total	66	87	4 944	23 683.64	100	100	100	100

表1

图1

图2

表2

图3

图4

表3

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科 families	属 genus	种 species	多度 abundance	胸径和/cm sum of DBH	相对多样性/% relative diversity	相对多度/% relative abundance	相对优势度/% relative dominant	科重要值/% family important value
樟科 Lauraceae	6	10	1 136	3 748.58	11.49	22.98	15.83	16.77
壳斗科 Fagaceae	4	8	764	5 174.98	9.20	15.45	21.85	15.50
金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae	2	2	917	5 710.84	2.30	18.55	24.11	14.99
漆树科 Anacardiaceae	3	4	535	1 834.33	4.60	10.82	7.75	7.72
安息香科 Styracaceae	1	3	234	825.57	3.45	4.73	3.49	3.89
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1	3	180	1 065.55	3.45	3.64	4.50	3.86
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	3	4	186	600.83	4.60	3.76	2.54	3.63

物种 species	多度 abundance	胸径和/cm sum of DBH	相对多度/% relative abundance	相对频度/% relative frequency	相对优势度/% relative dominant	种重要值/% SIV
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	914	3 019.29	18.49	6.72	12.75	12.65
檵木 Loropetalum chinense	612	4 064.47	12.38	3.47	17.16	11.00
枹栎 Quercus serrata	319	2 881.58	6.45	5.06	12.17	7.89
野漆 Toxicodendron succedaneum	456	1 459.55	9.22	6.79	6.16	7.39
牛鼻栓 Fortunearia sinensis	305	1 646.37	6.17	4.38	6.95	5.83
苦槠 Castanopsis sclerophylla	246	1 407.70	4.98	4.23	5.94	5.05
冬青 Ilex chinensis	172	1 037.40	3.48	4.38	4.38	4.08
瓜木 Alangium platanifolium	157	886.75	3.18	3.47	3.74	3.46
野桐 Mallotus tenuifolius	159	527.15	3.22	4.53	2.23	3.32
野茉莉 Styrax japonicus	157	578.28	3.18	3.62	2.44	3.08
朴树 Celtis sinensis	102	890.79	2.06	2.42	3.76	2.75
山胡椒 Lindera glauca	126	360.81	2.55	3.92	1.52	2.67
青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	117	628.06	2.37	2.49	2.65	2.50
四川山矾 Symplocos setchuensis	84	404.58	1.70	2.64	1.71	2.02
格药柃 Eurya muricata	83	282.29	1.68	2.49	1.19	1.79
吴茱萸 Euodia ruticarpa	66	317.91	1.33	2.64	1.34	1.77
野鸦椿 Euscaphis japonica	81	220.13	1.64	2.64	0.93	1.74
白花龙 Styrax faberi	73	222.33	1.48	2.79	0.94	1.74
柯 Lithocarpus glaber	74	222.00	1.50	2.49	0.94	1.64
苦枥木 Fraxinus insularis	81	166.38	1.64	2.42	0.70	1.59
盐肤木 Rhus chinensis	65	247.43	1.31	2.34	1.04	1.57
满山红 Rhododendron mariesii	71	181.36	1.44	2.26	0.77	1.49
野柿 Diospyros kaki var. silvestris	42	338.00	0.85	2.04	1.43	1.44
大青 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum	51	127.74	1.03	2.19	0.54	1.25
檫木 Sassafras tzumu	39	188.63	0.79	2.11	0.80	1.23
其他others	292	1 376.66	5.91	15.47	5.81	9.06
合计total	4 944	23 683.64	100	100	100	100

区系类型 areal type	科数 number of families	科的比例/% proportion of families	属数 number of genus	属的比例/% proportion of genus
1.世界广布cosmopolitan	9
2.泛热带pantropic	12	38.71	13	19.70
3.东亚及热带南美间断tropical Asia and south tropical America disjuncted	6	19.35	8	12.12
4.旧世界热带old world tropic	1	3.23	4	6.06
5.热带亚洲至热带大洋洲tropical Asia to tropical Australasia Oceania	0	0.00	1	1.52
6.热带亚洲至热带非洲tropical Asia to tropical Africa	1	3.23	0	0.00
7.热带亚洲tropical Asia	1	3.23	4	6.06
热带合计total of tropic	21	67.74	30	45.45
8.北温带north Temperate	9	29.03	14	21.21
9.东亚及北美间断east Asia and north America disjuncted	1	3.23	12	18.18
10.旧世界温带old world temperate	0	0.00	3	4.55
11.温带亚洲temperate Asia	0	0.00	0	0.00
12.地中海区、西亚至中亚mediterranean,west Asia to central Asia	0	0.00	1	1.52
13.中亚central Asia	0	0.00	0	0.00
14.东亚east Asia	0	0.00	4	6.06
温带合计total of temperate (8-14)	10	32.26	34	51.51
15.中国特有endemic to China	0	0.00	2	3.03
合计total	40	100.00	66	100.00

江苏宜兴龙池山自然保护区固定样地物种组成分析

An analysis on species composition of a permanent plot on the Longchi Mountain, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province

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