遮阴条件下杉木幼苗生长和C、N、P化学计量特征的变化

刘青青; 黄智军; 马祥庆; 王正宁; 邢先双; 刘博

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202008002

刘青青, 黄智军, 马祥庆, 王正宁, 邢先双, 刘博

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3) : 74-82.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3) : 74-82. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202008002

研究论文

遮阴条件下杉木幼苗生长和C、N、P化学计量特征的变化

刘青青 ¹ ,
黄智军 ¹ ,
马祥庆 ¹ ,
王正宁 ¹ ,
邢先双 ² ,
刘博 ¹^,³^,^*

作者信息 +

Changes of seedling growth and C、N、P stoichiometric characteristics in Chinese fir under shading

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】比较不同强度遮阴条件下杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)幼苗生长、生物量积累与分配,以及不同器官碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)积累、分配及化学计量特征的差异,探讨杉木幼苗在不同遮阴条件下的C、N、P元素积累及分配的响应策略,揭示遮阴处理对杉木幼苗C、N、P元素变化规律的影响,为杉木苗木繁育、林分光照环境调控管理等提供参考。【方法】选取当年生杉木幼苗为研究对象,通过人工遮阴方式设置5个遮阴梯度,即0%(对照,不遮阴)、遮阴强度40%(透光率60%)、60%(透光率40%)、85%(透光率15%)和95%(透光率5%),持续观测1 a。试验结束后测定幼苗株高与地径增量、各器官生物量、根冠比、各器官C、N、P含量、积累量,并分析C、N、P化学计量特征(以C/N、C/P,N/P表示元素质量比)等指标。【结果】①随遮阴强度的增大,杉木幼苗株高增量总体呈现上升趋势,而地径增量则显著降低(P<0.05)。根、茎、叶及总生物量、根生物量占比和根冠比降低,茎、叶生物量比增大;②根、茎、叶中及总的C、N、P积累量随遮阴强度的增大而降低。随着遮阴强度的增大,杉木地上部分(茎和叶)C和N分配比例增加,而地下部分(根)C和N分配比例则降低。③杉木幼苗C/N和C/P变化趋势相同,随着遮阴强度的增大先增加后减少。杉木幼苗各器官N/P低于14,表明杉木幼苗在不同遮阴下的生长受到N限制。【结论】杉木幼苗生长和生理特性对不同遮阴强度响应有差异,主要表现在随着遮阴强度的增加,株高生长加快,地径粗生长减缓,生物量分配倾向于地上部分,幼苗由“矮粗”逐渐转变为“细高”。但是过度遮阴不利于杉木幼苗的生长,导致幼苗生物量积累减少,C、N、P积累量降低。

Abstract

【Objectives】To explore the adaptive strategy of seedlings under different shade intensities, the growth, biomass accumulation and allocation as well carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) accumulation, allocation and stoichiometric characteristics were measured in different organs of Chinese fir seedlings. The results help to elucidate changes in C, N, P elements under different shading treatments, and provide a theoretical basis for cultivation at the seedling stage, stand light environment regulation and management. 【Method】After one year of growth, Chinese fir seedlings were selected as the research object in this study, and five different light intensities were set up with artificial shading 0% (as control, no shade), 40%, 60%, 85% and 95% shading. The experiment was undertaken over one year. The height increment, diameter increment, biomass accumulation and allocation, root to shoot ratios, C, N, P accumulations, and their stoichiometric characteristics were measured at the end of the experiment in different organs of Chinese fir seedlings under various shade intensities.【Result】(1) The height of seedlings increased as the shade increased, while the diameter significantly decreased. Biomass of the root, stem, leaf, total, and root to shoot ratios decreased as the shade increased, while the stem and leaf biomass ratios increased. (2) The accumulations of C, N, P of root, stem, leaf and the total accumulations decreased with the increased of shade intensities. The C and N distribution ratios increased in the aboveground part (stem and leaf) of the seedlings, and decreased in the underground part of the seedling (root). (3) C/N (the mass ratio, same as below) and C/P of seedlings showed the same change trend, which initially increased and then decreased with increasing shading intensities. The N/P in each organ was lower than 14, indicating that Chinese fir seedling growth under different shading intensities was restricted by nitrogen. 【Conclusion】Chinese fir seedlings could regulate nutrient accumulation and distribution under different shading treatments, affecting biomass accumulation. Chinese fir seedlings showed different growth and physiological strategies under different shading intensities, such as greater growth in height, slower growth in diameter, with biomass allocation being invested in the aboveground parts under high shading intensities. Seedlings gradually changed from “short and thick” to “thin and tall”. However, the excessive shading may inhibit seedling growth, and result in less biomass accumulations, and low C, N, P accumulations.

导出引用

刘青青, 黄智军, 马祥庆, 等. 遮阴条件下杉木幼苗生长和C、N、P化学计量特征的变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2022, 46(3): 74-82 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202008002

LIU Qingqing, HUANG Zhijun, MA Xiangqing, et al. Changes of seedling growth and C、N、P stoichiometric characteristics in Chinese fir under shading[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2022, 46(3): 74-82 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202008002

中图分类号： S718.5;S791.27

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为探索植物叶片氮(N)、磷(P)、碳(C)生态化学计量特征随植物生长发育的变化规律, 在普洱季风常绿阔叶林中, 选取6种优势植物种(红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)、短刺锥(Castanopsis echidnocarpa)、泥柯(Lithocarpus fenestratus)、截果柯(Lithocarpus truncatus)、西南木荷(Schima wallichii)、茶梨(Anneslea fragrans))采集叶片, 分析其N、P、C含量及化学计量比随植物生长发育的变化。结果显示: 6种植物在不同生长阶段的N含量变化范围为7.90-17.72 mg·g-1, P为0.34-1.39 mg·g-1, C为458.48-516.87 mg·g-1, C:N为28.04-65.70, N:P为11.41-63.50, C:P为355.23-1878.17, 且不同生长阶段6种植物及总体叶片N、P、C含量及其化学计量比变化趋势各异。在变异系数上, N:P比整体变异最大, 为36.46% (变化范围19.19%-91.65%), 其次为C:P, 为34.80% (变化范围15.99%-91.60%), C的整体变异最小, 为3.12% (变化范围1.61%-5.89%)。变异来源分析结果显示, N含量、C含量、C:N、N:P及C:P均主要受植物生长阶段的影响, 而P含量主要受物种与生长阶段的交互作用影响。

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