【目的】筛选基本培养基、增殖和生根培养基最佳激素组合,探索炼苗移栽方法,建立金叶复叶槭组织培养体系,为该树种优良种苗规模化生产提供新途径。【方法】以金叶复叶槭水培嫩枝为试材,通过单因子逐步筛选法,研究MS、WPM、B₅培养基对初代培养,6-BA、TDZ和NAA对增殖培养,IBA和NAA对生根培养,以及相对湿度对移栽成活的影响。【结果】MS和WPM诱导外植体腋芽萌发率显著高于B₅培养基,但MS培养基在促进新芽伸长生长方面优于WPM。6-BA、NAA与低浓度的TDZ联合使用可有效地提高不定芽增殖系数,在MS附加0.5 mg/L 6-BA、0.01 mg/L TDZ、0.06 mg/L NAA的增殖培养基中,每个外植体可增殖5.8个新芽。添加生长素可显著提高增殖芽生根率,添加IBA生根效果显著好于NAA,1/2 MS附加0.05 mg/L IBA即可使生根率达100%。85%的相对湿度条件下组培苗移栽成活率可达95%。【结论】适宜金叶复叶槭水培嫩枝组培快繁的基本培养基为MS培养基,最佳增殖培养基为MS + 0.5 mg/L 6-BA + 0.01 mg/L TDZ + 0.06 mg/L NAA;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS + 0.05 mg/L IBA;金叶复叶槭组培苗对移栽基质要求不高,保湿是关键。

【Objective】 To establish a tissue culture system for Acer negundo ‘Aurea’ and provide a new large-scale vegetative propagation method, a screening method comprising the basic medium, optimal hormone combination of proliferation and rooting medium, and acclimatization and transplant was applied. 【Method】 Using hydroponic new shoots as explants, the effects of MS, WPM and B₅ mediums on the primary culture, 6-BA, TDZ and NAA on the proliferation culture, IBA and NAA on the rooting culture, and relative humidity on the transplant were investigated using a step-wise single factor selection. 【Result】 While both MS and WPM mediums were better than B₅ in inducing axillary bud sprouting, MS was superior to WPM for the shoot growth. The combined use of 6-BA, NAA and low-concentration TDZ effectively improved the proliferation coefficient of adventitious shoots. Each explant produced 5.8 new shoots in MS medium combined with 0.5 mg/L 6-BA, 0.01 mg/L TDZ and 0.06 mg/L NAA. Auxin significantly improved the rooting rate of proliferation shoots, and the rooting effect of IBA was better than NAA. A rooting rate of 100% was achieved in 1/2 MS medium with 0.05 mg/L IBA. The transplant survival rate was greater than 95% in a relative humidity of 85%. 【Conclusion】 The optimal basic medium was MS; the optimal proliferation medium was MS with 0.5 mg/L 6-BA, 0.01 mg/L TDZ and 0.06 mg/L NAA; and the optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS with 0.05 mg/L IBA for new hydroponic shoots of A. negundo ‘Aurea’. Relative humidity was the key influence factor on the transplantation and not the transplanting substrate.