南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (增刊): 25-29.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.S1.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

樱属植物核型参数及种间亲缘关系分析

顾 宇1,2,史港影1,李 祯1,王贤荣1*   

  1. 1.南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏 南京 210037;
    2.国家基因库,深圳华大基因研究院,广东 深圳 518083
  • 出版日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:1900-01-01
  • 基金资助:
    收稿日期:2014-09-10
    基金项目:江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2012346); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
    第一作者:顾宇,硕士。*通信作者:王贤荣,教授,博士。E-mail:wangxianrong66@njfu.edu.cn。
    引文格式:顾宇,史港影,李祯,等. 樱属植物核型参数及种间亲缘关系分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(S1):25-29.

Karyotype parameters analysis and genetic relationship discussion of Cerasus(Rosaceae)

GU Yu1,2, SHI Gangying1, LI Zhen1, WANG Xianrong1   

  1. 1. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
    2. China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institution, Shenzhen 518083, China
  • Online:1900-01-01 Published:1900-01-01

摘要: 统计了18份樱属植物的核型数据,借助DPS软件用最大距离法进行聚类分析,探讨了属内系统结构和种间亲缘关系。结果表明:樱属染色体基数x=8,染色体数目有2n=16、2n=24以及2n=32; 染色体类型有4种,正中部着丝点染色体(M),中部着丝点染色体(m),近中部着丝点染色体(sm),近端部着丝点染色体(st); 随体常见,核型类型有2A、2B、1B 3种; 野生类群多为二倍体,栽培品种多倍化现象显著; 大叶早樱(Cerasus subhirtella)、‘十月樱’(C. subhirtella ‘Autumnalis’)、东京樱花(C. yedoensis)、山樱花(C. serrulata)聚为一类,支持黑果组(C. sect. Sargentella)成立; 二倍体酸樱桃(C. vulgaris)、甜樱桃(C. avium)聚为一类,支持芽鳞组(C. sect. Cerasus)成立; 虽然红山樱(C. jamasakura)与山樱花表型相似,但聚类结果显示二者遗传距离较远,前者与钟花樱(C. campanulata)遗传距离较近; 本属栽培种类多倍化程度高于野生种类且有多个倍性,与其二倍体祖先表现出较远的遗传距离; 聚类分析难以解释栽培种的起源。与传统的经典分类结果不同,矮生樱亚属(C. subg. Microcerasus)与典型樱亚属(C. subg. Cerasus)在聚类图上没有明显地分开。

Abstract: Cluster analysis of eighteen materials of Cerasus was made by using DPS software with a maximum distance algorithm to explore systematic structure among genera and the relationship among species based on karyotype parameters. The result indicated that: basic chromosome number of this genus was proved to be x=8, chromosome number was proved to be 2n=16, 2n=24 and 2n=32; there were four chromosome types: M, m, sm and st; satellites were common, karyotypes were confirmed to be 2A, 2B, 1B; taxa of wild species were confirmed diploid, and polyploidy phenomenon was remarkable in cultivars; C. subhirtella, C. subhirtella ‘Autumnalis’, C. yedoensis and C. serrulata stayed together, supporting the morphological C. sect. Sargentella; Diploid C. vulgaris and C. avium stayed together, supporting C. sect. Cerasus. Although C. jamasakura was morphologically similar to C. serrulata, their genetic distance was very far and the former was closer to C. campanulta. Polyploidy frequency in cultivated species was significantly higher than in wild species, showing a long genetic distance to their diploid ancestors. However, karyotype analysis and cluster analysis were difficult to explain the origin of cultivated species. Unlike morphological evidence, C. subg. Microcerasus and C. subg. Cerasus had not been apparently separated by cluster analysis.

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