Abstract: Based on the geographical distribution information of Cerasus serrulata, the interaction of vegetations and climates have been studied by 13 widely used indices. The results showed, the distribution region of C. serrulata was temperate East Asian, it was 23-40°N, 102-141°E, and the elevation range was 50-1 800 meters. The climatic indices showed that the tree have a low heat range,and the range of heat distribution in China is much wider than in the Korean Peninsula-Japan distribution. The result of principal component analysis revealed that annual mean temperature,latitude,coldest temperature,average temperature of January and elevation ranges was the most important environment factors to influence the distribution. The suitable heat factors for the growth of C. serrulata was the range of annual mean temperature between 7.91-17.92 ℃, coldest temperature not less than 17.3 ℃, average temperature of January between 6.31 ℃ and 8.48 ℃. Supported by the two dimensional plot of principle components on climatic factors, we divided the distribution region into 7 parts, including the region of Southwest China, Central China, north of South China and south of East China, Northeast China, Taiwan of China, Korean Peninsula, Japan.