氮沉降对土壤微生物影响的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.03.027

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 149-155.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.03.027

氮沉降对土壤微生物影响的研究进展

赵超^1,2,彭赛^1,2,阮宏华^1,2*,张雅坤^1,2

1.南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037;
2.南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京 210037

出版日期:2015-05-30 发布日期:2015-05-30
基金资助:
收稿日期:2014-08-27 修回日期:2014-12-12
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB416904); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:赵超,硕士生。*通信作者:阮宏华,教授。E-mail: hhuan@njfu.edu.cn。
引文格式:赵超,彭赛,阮宏华,等. 氮沉降对土壤微生物影响的研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(3):149-155.

Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil microbes

ZHAO Chao^1,2, PENG Sai^1,2, RUAN Honghua^1,2*, ZHANG Yakun^1,2

1.Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
2.College of Biology and the Enviroments, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Online:2015-05-30 Published:2015-05-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤中氮沉降增加作为全球环境变化的重要现象之一,给人类带来了巨大挑战。笔者综述了近年来氮沉降对土壤微生物的影响研究,从土壤微生物生物量、群落结构和多样性、微生物活性、功能基因与底物利用等方面进行总结分析。综合来看,氮沉降对土壤微生物的影响主要表现为:①土壤微生物生物量、真菌生物量以及真菌与细菌生物量比值下降; ②外生菌根真菌子实体生产力和外生菌根丰度下降,外生菌根真菌群落结构组成改变; ③丛枝菌根真菌群落结构组成改变,但氮沉降对丛枝菌根真菌的多样性和对腐生真菌的影响结果存在较大争议; ④细菌群落结构组成改变,贫营养细菌丰度下降,富营养细菌丰度上升; ⑤土壤微生物活性下降,某些功能基因丰度下降,对复杂有机碳、氮的代谢能力下降。同时,相关研究报道表明:氮沉降可以直接或通过降低土壤pH,增加微生物的碳限制,改变底物的数量和质量等途径间接对微生物生物量和群落结构产生影响。

Abstract: Increased nitrogen deposition may impact on soil microbes which play an important role in ecosystems. We reviewed the effects of nitrogen deposition on soil microbes in respect of soil microbial biomass, microbial structure and diversity, microbial activity, functional genes, and substrate utilization. In general, the potential effects of nitrogen deposition included the following aspects: ① Decreased soil microbial, fungal and the ratio of fungal to bacterial biomass; ② Led to a reduction of the productivity of ectomycorrhizal fungal fruit body and the arbuscular mycorrhiza abundance; ③ Altered the structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community, but there were still some debates on the effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and saprophytic fungi; ④ The bacterial community structure changed. Oligotrophic bacterial abundance decreased, while copiotrophic bacterial abundance increased; ⑤ Soil microbial activity, some functional genes abundance and the catabolic capabilities of complex organic carbon and nitrogen decreased. Moreover, nitrogen deposition have been shown to affect microbes direct or through decreasing soil pH, making microbes carbon-limited, changing the quantity and quality of litter indirectly.

中图分类号:

S718.5

赵超,彭赛,阮宏华,等. 氮沉降对土壤微生物影响的研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(03): 149-155.

ZHAO Chao, PENG Sai, RUAN Honghua, ZHANG Yakun. Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil microbes[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 39(03): 149-155.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.03.027.

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氮沉降对土壤微生物影响的研究进展

Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil microbes

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