Abstract: Galls of Phylloxera notabilis was found on the leaves of Caraya illinoensis. Under natural conditions, development process and changing characters of of Phylloxera notabilis’s galls were analyzed.The results showed that galls was oval as a general rule, their length>width>height. The galls grew rapidly in the early days and interim. There was a very high growth correlation between the galls and leaves. In the later stage, the growth of galls was slow,their length,width,height and volume were slightly reduced,and the change of length and width were linear. When the size of galls increasd slowly or even decreasd,the development of galls had no correlation with the growth of leaves.Therefore,the prevention against Ph.notabilis of premetaphase is the key to control its population. There are six types of aphid worming out from the mature gall, including female aphid, male aphid, one-instar larva of aplerism female aphid, the adult of short winds female aphid, the adult of aplerism female aphid and the adull of long winds female aphid and their proportion was 68%, 19%, 5%, 5%, 2%, 1% respectively.As the percentage of aplerism female aphid and long winds female aphid were low, the next generation of galls population will be reduced.