利用激光粒度仪、法拉第筒和粒子图像测速系统(PIV)研究喷头喷嘴直径、喷雾压力、充电电压参数对于静电喷头雾滴粒径、荷质比、荷电雾滴雾化流场的影响。结果显示:喷嘴直径、喷雾压力和充电电压对喷头雾滴粒径大小均有影响,3个参数对雾滴粒径分布的影响程度排序为喷雾压力>喷嘴直径>充电电压; 荷质比随电压的增加而增加,最大可达到2.09 mC/kg,并在电压为8 kV以后趋于饱和,荷质比随雾滴粒径的变大呈下降趋势,但是变化不快; 由荷电雾滴的运动轨迹可知,喷嘴直径为0.9 mm的喷头在充电电压为8 kV时具有较好的荷电效果,与不带电情况下喷雾对比发现,荷电雾滴使喷雾扩散明显加大,且雾滴速度均匀。
Abstract
Aerial electrostatic spraying can control plant diseases and insect pests of agriculture and forestry, especially when multiple and large area outbreak. The influence of nozzle diameter, spraying pressure and charging voltage on atomization performance induding droplet size, charge-to-mass ratio and droplet's flow field were investigated using a Winner laser diffraction particle analyzer, Faraday cage and PIV. It was shown that droplet size was influenced by nozzle diameter, spraying pressure and charging voltage, of whom the spray pressure has the strongest effect and charging voltage has the weakest effect. The charge-to-mass ratio increased as the charging voltage increased, the maximum was 2.09 mC/kg and reached saturation after 8 kV. The charge-to-mass ratio decreased slowly as the droplet size increased. According to the droplet's flow field, it was shown that the electrostatic nozzle with 0.9 mm of nozzle diameter had good charged effect at 8 kV of charging voltage. At the same time, charged droplets made spraying diffusion obviously increased and droplets speed well-distributed compared with conventional spray.
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基金
收稿日期:2014-10-15 修回日期:2015-03-05
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(U1433108); 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20131422); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)。
第一作者:金兰,硕士生。*通信作者:茹煜,副教授,博士。E-mail:superchry@163.com。
引文格式:金兰,茹煜,孙曼利,等. 圆锥管状电极式航空静电喷头的性能试验[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(5):155-160.
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