为了研究竹子速生的特点与光合作用途径关系,以典型的散生竹毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)和丛生竹麻竹(Dendrocalamus latiflorus)为材料,通过研究其叶片形态结构及叶绿素荧光特性来探究竹子的光合途径。石蜡切片观察显示,毛竹和麻竹叶片解剖结构均不具有典型的“花环”结构,但含有泡状细胞,明显区别于C4植物玉米(Zea mays)和高粱(Sorghum vulgare)的叶片结构,而与C3植物小麦(Triticum aestivum)和水稻(Oryza sativa)的相似。同时,叶绿素荧光参数测定结果表明,毛竹和麻竹的实际光量子效率Y(Ⅱ)平均值与C3植物水稻、小麦的相近,但显著高于C4植物玉米、高粱的Y(Ⅱ)(P<0.01); 毛竹和麻竹的qN值(0.77)显著低于C4植物玉米、高粱的qN值(P<0.05),与C3植物水稻的qN值(0.76)相近。相关分析表明,C3植物水稻、小麦的Fv/Fm、Y(Ⅱ)、qN之间存在显著或者极显著正相关,而C4植物玉米、高粱的叶绿素荧光参数相关性不显著; 毛竹和麻竹的Fv/Fm、Y(Ⅱ)之间存在显著正相关。由此表明,毛竹、麻竹与C3植物水稻、小麦相类似,初步确定其光合途径属于C3植物类型。
Abstract
The fast-growing characteristic of bamboo means that it has strong assimilative capacity, which is closely related to photosynthetic pathway. By comparing with the typical C3 plants Triticum aestivum and Oryza sativa as well as C4 plants Zea mays and Sorghum vulgare, the typical pachymorph rhizome bamboo Phyllostachys edulis and leptomorph rhizome bamboo Dendrocalamus latiflorus were selected for the study of bamboo photosynthetic pathways based on the structure and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of leaves. Paraffin observations showed that the leaf structures of both D. latiflorus and Ph.edulis did not have the “kranz anatomy” and vesicular cells distributed. These characteristics were significantly different from those of C4 plants such as Z. mays and S. vulgare, but were similar to those of T. aestivum and O. sativa belonging to C3 plants. Meanwhile the results of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters demonstrated that the average values of Y(Ⅱ)of D. latiflorus and Ph. edulis were similar to that of T. aestivum and O. sativa, but were significantly higher than that of Z. mays and S. vulgare(P<0.01). The average values of qN of D. latiflorus and Ph. edulis(0.77)were much lower than those of Z. mays and S. vulgare(P<0.05), while they were close to that of O. sativa (0.76). Correlation analysis showed that there were significant or extreme positive correlations among Fv/Fm, Y(Ⅱ)and qN in O. sativa and T. aestivum. However, highly significant positive correlation did not existed in Z. mays and S. vulgare. The correlation between Fv/Fm and Y(Ⅱ)was demonstrated significantly positive in D. latiflorus and Ph. edulis which were similar to those of in C3 plants. These results indicat that the type of photosynthetic pathway in D. latiflorus and Ph. edulis belongs to C3 plants.
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基金
收稿日期:2014-05-26 修回日期:2015-03-15
基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD23B0504); 国家自然科学基金项目(31370588)
第一作者:杨丽,博士。*通信作者:高志民,博士。E-mail: gaozhimin@icbr.ac.cn。
引文格式:杨丽,娄永峰,彭镇华,等. 毛竹、麻竹光合途径类型分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(5):169-173.
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