紫薇梨象(Pseudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher)是一种危害紫薇的重要害虫,近年来在安徽等地发生严重。笔者对其生活史与危害特性进行了观测分析。结果表明,紫薇梨象在安徽省安庆地区1年1代,以成虫(43.9%)和老熟幼虫(56.1%)越冬。越冬成虫翌年4月中旬出果上树为害; 越冬幼虫4月上旬化蛹、6月中旬羽化成虫上树取食为害。紫薇梨象对紫薇危害部位较广(嫩梢、花芽、花蕾、蒴果等),其中以嫩梢和蒴果受害最为严重。不同紫薇品系的被害率分析表明,紫薇梨象对翠薇和银薇的危害性要明显高于南紫薇。研究证实,紫薇蒴果是紫薇梨象越冬场所,清除蒴果是防除该虫的行之有效的主要措施。因此,在紫薇梨象越冬前(9月上、中旬)对紫薇果枝进行修剪能够显著降低紫薇梨象的危害。
Abstract
Pseudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher is an important insect pest of crape myrtle(Lagerstroemia indica Linn.), recently. P. gibbus has become a great threat on the plantation of crape myrtle in Anqing, Anhui Province. In this study, we investigated the life history and harmful characteristics of P. gibbus in Anqing. P. gibbus is univoltine, one generation per year. P. gibbus overwinters as adults(43.9%)and larvae(56.1%)within the capsular fruit of crape myrtle. In middle of April, overwintering adults came out from capsular fruit and began to infest crape myrtle. The overwintering larvae also started to pupate in early April, and then the adults emerged in middle June. P. gibbus infested most of organs of crape myrtle, including tender shoots, buds, flowers and fruits. More serious damages appeared on the tender shoots and fruits of crape myrtle. Meanwhile, we observed that P. gibbus preferred to infest L. indica var. alba and L. indica var. rubra to L. subcostata. At last, we evaluated the effectiveness of pest control by pruning and removing the capsular fruits before the P. gibbus overwintering. The results showed that the the infection rate of P.gilbus to crape myrtle was significantly reduced by pruning in early or middle of September. Therefore, pruning fruit spur is one of effective approach to prevent and control this pest.
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 《安徽木本植物》编写组. 安徽木本植物[M]. 合肥: 安徽科学技术出版社, 1983:258.
[2] 《安徽植物志》协作组. 安徽植物[M]. 北京: 中国展望出版社, 1990:528-535.
[3] 靳晓翠, 范义荣. 紫薇种质资源概况及应用现状分析[J]. 河北农业科学, 2009, 13(1): 16-17,20.
Jin X C, Fan Y R. General situation of germplasm resource and analysis of application status of Lagerstroemia indica[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 13(1): 16-17,20.
[4] 王献. 我国紫薇种质资源及其亲缘关系的研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2004.
Wang X. Studies on the Germplasm Resources of Lagerstroemia in China and Their Relationships[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2004.
[5] Zhang Q X. Studies on cultivars of crape myrtle(Lagerstroemia indica)and their uses in urban greening[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,1991, 13: 57-66.
[6] 刘大川, 周成刚, 李艳, 等. 紫薇梨象的危害与紫薇生长发育的关系[J]. 环境昆虫学报,2011,33(3): 302-307.
Liu D C, Zhou C G, Li Y, et al. Relationship between the feeding-infestation of Pseudorobitis gibbus and the growing development of Lagerstroemia indica[J].Journal of Enviromental Entomology, 2011, 33(3): 302-307.
[7] 赵养昌,陈元清. 中国经济昆虫志 第二十册 鞘翅目 象虫科(一)[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,1987:1-18.
[8] 查玉平, 洪承昊, 胡孜进,等. 阿维菌素对紫薇梨象的室内毒力评价[J]. 湖北林业科技: 2010(6):30-31.
Zha Y P,Hong C H, Hu Z J,et al. Virulence tests of abamectin to Pseudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher[J].Hubei Forestry Science and Technology, 2010(6):30-31.
[9] 李艳.紫薇梨象种群空间格局及预测预报与防治技术的研究[D].济南: 山东农业大学,2013.
Li Y. Researches on the population spatial patterns, prediction and forecast and control techniques of Pseudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher(Coleoptera:Apionidae)[D]. Jinan:Shandong Agricultural University,2013.
[10] 李艳, 郑方强, 于丽颖, 等. 山东泰安泰兴苗圃紫薇梨象成虫种群的空间格局[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(1): 257-262.
Li Y, Zheng F Q, Yu L Y, et al. Spatial distribution patterns of adult population of Pseudorobitis gibbus(Coleoptera: Apionidae)in Taixing Garden, Tai'an, Shandong, China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(1): 257-262.
[11] 李艳, 周光锋, 于丽颖, 等. 8种药剂对紫薇梨象成虫的室内毒力测定及室外药效试验[J].中国森林病虫, 2013, 32(4): 30-33.
Li Y, Zhou G F, Yu L Y, et al. Indoor toxicity and field efficacy test of 8 pesticides against Pseudorobitis gibbus[J].Forest Pest and Disease, 2013, 32(4): 30-33.
[12] 刘大川. 紫薇梨象的生物学特性及寄主选择初步研究[D].济南: 山东农业大学, 2012.
Liu D C. Preliminary researches on the biological characteristics and host selection of Pseudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher(Coleoptera:Apionidae)[D]. Jinan:Shandong Agricultural University,2012.
[13] 刘大川, 李艳, 卢希平. 紫薇梨象对不同品系紫薇的危害研究[J]. 现代农业科技, 2011(6): 153-154.
Liu D C, Li Y, Lu X P.Research on the Pseudorobitis gibbus(Coleoptera:Apionidae)infested different strains of Lagerstroemia indica L.[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2011(6):153-154.
[14] 刘大川, 王菊英, 乔鲁芹, 等. 紫薇新害虫-紫薇梨象的生物学特性[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2011, 48(3): 646-651.
Li D C, Wang J Y, Qiao L Q, et al. The biological characteristics of Pseudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher(Coleoptera: Apionidae): a new pest of Lagerstroemia indica(Lythraceae: Lagerstroemia)[J].Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2011, 48(3): 646-651.
[15] 廖定熹, 李学骝, 庞雄飞,等.中国经济昆虫志.第三十四册 膜翅目 小蜂总科(一)[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987:74.
基金
收稿日期:2015-01-04 修回日期:2015-06-04
基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201204506); 安徽省教育厅高等学校省级质量工程(2013tszy068)
第一作者:唐长贞,副教授。E-mail:Agtangchzhj@sina.com。*通信作者:黄勃,教授。E-mail: bhuang@ahau.edu.cn。
引文格式:唐长贞,唐燕平,康克,等. 皖西南紫薇梨象生活史与危害特性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(6):177-180.
PDF(1425327 KB)
