基于福建、浙江和江西3个毛竹主产省8县192个农户毛竹种植地块投入产出数据,通过构建投入产出生产函数模型,定量分析了要素投入对毛竹林产出(竹材与竹笋)的影响,并在此基础上就不同区域与立地条件下毛竹林经营的经济效益进行了对比分析。结果表明:①用工投入成本与立地条件对毛竹成林后产出有显著的正面影响。平均而言,当期用工投入成本每增加1%,竹笋产值、竹材产值与总产值分别提高1.874%、0.492%和0.714%; 优等地的单位面积竹笋产值、竹材产值、总产值分别比劣等地的高429%、29.7%和49.0%; 中等地的分别比劣等地的高24.5%、29.2%和27.2%。②当期肥料投入对成林后毛竹林竹笋产值与总产值有显著的促进作用,而对竹材产值的影响并不显著。③不同区域之间毛竹经营的投入产出关系存在明显差异,在其他条件相同的情况下,不同县市之间毛竹经营投入产出有较大差异,这可能与不同地区之间毛竹经营的自然条件与经营技术存在较大的差异有关。④从单位面积毛竹林经营净效益指标来看,在当前市场和生产技术条件下,不同立地条件下毛竹林地经营效益有较明显的差异,而不同地区之间的差异并不明显。最后,从增加农户收入来看,应积极发展笋用毛竹林经营,但需要注重经营过程中的生态保护。
Abstract
Using the input-output data of moso bamboo plantations collected from 192 households in 8 counties of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Province, we estimated the input-output production function model of moso bamboo plantation, which was used to reflect the influence of inputs on outputs(bamboo stem and bamboo shoot), and then we discussed its economic benefit in different places and site condition. The results showed that:① Both annual labor input cost and site condition exerted a significant positive influence on the output. With the 1% increasing of annual labor input cost, the bamboo shoot production, the bamboo stem production and the total production respectively increased 1.874%, 0.492% and 0.714%, and the bamboo shoot production, the bamboo stem production and total production in high quality land were more higher than that in the poor quality land at 429%, 29.7% and 49.0%, respectively. These productions in medium quality land were higher than that in poor quality land at 24.5%, 29.2% and 27.2%, respectively. ② Fertilizer inputs cost exerted a appreciable positive effect on bamboo shoot production and further total production, but not on bamboo stem production.③ The relationship between input and output of moso bamboo plantation in different counties was extremely different, which might associated with the different natural condition and management technique in different places.④ From the annual economic benefit view, under the current market and management technique condition, the economic benefit of moso bamboo plantation in different site condition was extremely different. However, this was similar in different places. Finally, in order to increase the farme's income, the shoots-oriented moso bamboo plantations should be expanded, as well as the ecologic protection should be enhanced.
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] NBAR. Bamboo-a brief introduction: a unique resource for livelihood development[C/OL]//INBAR Development Pages. http://www.inbar.int/livelihood/doc/Bamboo%20Introduction%20Devpage.pdf. 2004.
[2] Belcher B.Bamboo and rattan production to consumption systems: a framework for assessing development options[C]// INBAR Working Paper No. 4,1995.
[3] Marsh J,Smith N.New bamboo industries and pro-poor impacts: lessons from China and potential for Mekong Countries[C]//International conference on managing forests for poverty reduction: capturing opportunities in forest harvesting and wood processing for the benefit of the poor,2007.
[4] Kant S, Chiu M.Bamboo sector reforms and the local economy of Linan County, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China [J].Forest Policy and Economics, 2000, 1(3):283-299.
[5] Hogarth N J, Belcher B.The contribution of bamboo to household income and rural livelihoods in a poor and mountainous county in Guangxi, China [J].International Forestry Review,2013,15(1):71-81.Doi:10.1505/14655481380592737.
[6] Lou Y P, Li Y X, Buckingham K, et al. Bamboo and climate change mitigation: a comparative analysis of carbon sequestration[C]// INBAR, Beijing, 2010.
[7] Kuehl Y, Li Y, Henley G. Impacts of selective harvest on the carbon sequestration potential in Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescence)plantations [J]. Forests,Trees and Livelihoods,2013,22(1):1-18.Doi:10.1080/14728028.2013.773652.
[8] 傅懋毅,谢锦忠,方敏瑜,等.不同用途毛竹林的施肥研究Ⅰ.毛竹材用林的施肥[J].林业科学研究,1988,1(5):541-547.
Fu M Y,Xie J Z,Fang M Y, et al. Fertilization studies in bamboo stands with different end uses.Ⅰ. For bamboo timber stand[J].Forest Research,1988,1(5):541-547.
[9] 傅懋毅,谢锦忠,方敏瑜.不同用途毛竹林的施肥研究 Ⅱ.毛竹笋用林丰产经营技术[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(3):238-245.
Fu M Y,Xie J Z,Fang M Y. Fertilization studies in bamboo stands with different end uses.Ⅱ. High yield management method for bamboo shoot stands[J].Forest Research,1991,4(3):238-245.
[10] 方敏瑜,傅懋毅,谢锦忠.竹林养分循环规律研究Ⅲ.毛竹纯林竹秆流及其养分输入[J].竹子研究汇刊,1998,17(2):59-64.
Fang M Y,Fu M Y,Xie J Z. Study on the circulation law of nutrient of bamboo forest.Ⅲ. Bamboo stem and nutrient input of Moso Bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescen)forest[J].Journal of Bamboo Research,1998,17(2):59-64.
[11] 顾小平,吴晓丽,汪阳东.毛竹材用林高产优化施肥与结构模型的建立[J].林业科学,2004,40(3):96-101.
Gu X P,Wu Z L,Wang Y D. The optimal models of high-yields with fertilization and the structure of moso bamboo stands for culm-producing[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2004,40(3):96-101.
[12] 金爱武,黄宝龙.参与式技术发展在毛竹笋用林施肥管理中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(4):87-90.
Jin A W, Huang B L.The application of participatory technology development on fertilizing management of shoot-utilizing stand of moso bamboo [J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),2005,29(4):87-90.
[13] 吴柏林,胡忠明,邵宏军,等.笋竹两用毛竹林等量施肥技术研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2013(1):5-8.
Wu B L, Hu Z M,Shao H J, et al. A study of equal fertilization technology used in timber-shoot Phyllostachys edulis forest [J].World Bamboo and Rattan,2013(1):5-8.
[14] 何奇江,汪奎宏,翁甫金,等.毛竹笋用林冬笋覆盖试验初报[J].竹子研究汇刊,2002,21(2):27-31.
He Q J, Wang Q H, Weng F J, et al. Preliminary mulching test report of the winter shoot-orientation moso bamboo forest [J].Journal of Bamboo Research, 2002,21(2):27-31.
[15] 毛达民,郭卫铭,江峰.两种不同覆盖处理对毛竹冬笋经济效益影响分析[J].世界竹藤通讯,2013,11(1):19-21.
Mao D M, Guo W M, Jiang F.Analysis of economic benefits of winter moso shoots production under two different mulching treatments[J].World Bamboo and Rattan,2013,11(1):19-21.
[16] 郑郁善.毛竹材用丰产林密度效应模型研究[J].生物数学学报,1997,12(3):279-282.
Zheng Y S.Study on density effect model for high yield of Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens[J].Journal of Biomathematics,1997,12(3):279-282.
[17] 洪伟,杨居暧,潘永春,等.毛竹产量新模型的研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,1988(1):1-13.
Hong W,Yang J N,Pan Y C, et al.Study on the new model of moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescen)forest production[J].Journal of Bamboo Research,1988(1):1-13.
[18] 吴良如,钟浩,高贵宾,等.笋竹两用毛竹林立竹密度与竹笋产量关系研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2014,33(2):25-28.
Wu L R,Zhong H,Gao G B, et al.Study on the relationship between density and yield of bamboo shoot for stem & shoot bamboo plantation[J].Journal of Bamboo Research,2014,33(2):25-28.
[19] 漆良华,刘广路,范少辉,等.不同抚育措施对闽西毛竹林碳密度、碳贮量与碳格局的影响[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(8):1482-1488.
Qi L H,Liu G L,Fan S H, et al.Effect of different managements on carbon density, carbon storage and carbon allocation of moso bamboo forest in west of Fujiang[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,28(8):1482-1488.
[20] 唐晓鹿,范少辉,漆良华.不同经营措施对毛竹林碳储量及碳分配影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(4): 736-742.
Tang X L,Fan S H,Qi L H. Effect of different managements on carbon storage and carbon allocation in moso bamboo forest(Phyllostachys pubescen)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2012,34(4):736-742.
[21] 周国模,吴家森,姜培坤.不同管理模式对毛竹林碳贮量的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(6):51-55.
Zhou G M,Wu J S,Jiang P K.Effects of different management models on carbon storage in Phyllostachys pubescens forests[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2006,28(6):51-55.
[22] 孟海月,刘强,吴伟光.不同经营类型毛竹林经营效益及固碳能力分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2014,31(6):959-964.
Meng H Y, Liu Q,Wu W G.Study on the cost-benefit and carbon sequestration capacity of different management types moso bamboo plantation[J].Journal of Zhengjiang A & F University, 2014, 31(6):959-964.
[23] 吴伟光,刘强,朱臻.考虑碳收益情景下毛竹林与杉木林经营的经济学分析[J].中国农村经济,2014(9):57-70.
Wu W G,Liu Q,Zhu Z.Economics analyse of moso bamboo(Phyllostachy pubescens) plantation and Chinese fir if the carbon benefit being included[J].Rural Economical in China,2014(9):57-70.
[24] 吴伟光,刘强.考虑碳汇收益情景下不同经营类型毛竹林经营效率比较研究[J].林业经济评论,2015,6(1):32-40.
Wu W G,Liu Q.Comparing the land use efficiency of different management model' moso bamboo(Phyllostachy pubescens)plantation if the carbon benefit being included[J].Forestry Ecomomic Review,2015,6(1):32-40.
[25] Wu W,Liu Q,Zhu Z,et al. Managing bamboo for carbon sequestration, bamboo stem and bamboo shoots[J]. Small-scale Forestry, 2014,14(2):233-243.Doi:10.1007/S 11842-014-9284-4.
[26] Shibata S, Kumar A,Rao I V R, et al. Flowering of Phyllostachys pubescens and germination of caryopses[C] //Bamboo for sustainable development.Proceedings of the Vth International Bamboo Congress and the Ⅵth International Bamboo Workshop. San José, Costa Rica, 1998.
[27] Watanabe M, Veda K, Manabe I, et al. Flowering, seeding, germination, and flowering periodicity of Phyllostachys pubescens [J].Journal of the Japanese Forestry Society,1982,64(3):107-111.
[28] 曹先磊,吴伟光.不同地区毛竹林经营的经济效益与固碳能力分析:基于福建、浙江和江西的对比[J].林业资源管理,2015(1):64-70. Doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2015.01.012.
Cao X L, Wu W G.Study on the economic benefit and carbon sequestration capacity of different places moso bamboo plantation:base on the comparison of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi[J].Forest Resources Management,2015(1):64-70.
基金
收稿日期:2015-04-28 修回日期:2015-10-25
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(71273245); 浙江农林大学人才启动项目(2011FR001); 浙江农林大学研究生科研创新基础项目(3122013240277)
第一作者:吴伟光(wuwgccap@126.com),教授。
引文格式:吴伟光,曹先磊. 毛竹林经营投入产出关系与经营效益分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):108-114.
PDF(1474340 KB)
