干旱胁迫对油茶花苞生长及产量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201603027

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05): 197-202.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201603027

• 研究简报 • 上一篇

干旱胁迫对油茶花苞生长及产量的影响

丁少净，钟秋平，袁婷婷，曹林青，晏巢，袁雅琪，张训华，林建萍

基金项目:国家气象公益性行业科研专项(GYHY201506053) 第一作者:丁少净(1263281134@qq.com)。*通信作者:钟秋平(fyzqp92@163.com),教授级高级工程师。

出版日期:2017-10-18 发布日期:2017-10-18
基金资助:
基金项目:国家气象公益性行业科研专项(GYHY201506053) 第一作者:丁少净(1263281134@qq.com)。*通信作者:钟秋平(fyzqp92@163.com),教授级高级工程师。

Effects of drought stress on Camellia oleifera flower-bud growth and production

DING Shaojing, ZHONG Qiuping^*, YUAN Tingting, CAO Linqing, YAN Chao, YUAN Yaqi, ZHANG Xunhua, LIN Jianping

DING Shaojing, ZHONG Qiuping^*, YUAN Tingting, CAO Linqing, YAN Chao, YUAN Yaqi, ZHANG Xunhua, LIN Jianping

Online:2017-10-18 Published:2017-10-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨干旱胁迫对油茶花苞生长以及油茶籽和茶油产量的影响,了解覆盖、松土对缓解油茶干旱的影响。【方法】以6年生‘长林4号'油茶林为试验材料,设置自然状况、干旱胁迫、干旱覆盖及干旱松土4个处理,对其花径生长量、花苞长生长量、单位面积产量、单位面积出油率进行研究。【结果】4种处理之间空气温湿度、光照以及土壤温度的差异不显著,而土壤含水率差异显著。就花苞生长而言,干旱胁迫状况下花径生长量相对于自然状况下降了21.01%,而覆盖、松土使花径生长量较干旱胁迫条件分别上升5.05%、9.81%,但两种措施缓解干旱效果不显著; 在干旱胁迫状况下花苞长生长量相对于自然状况下降了23.70%,而覆盖、松土相对于干旱胁迫使花苞长生长量分别增加了13.65%、15.16%,2种措施可以在一定程度上缓解干旱影响。就油茶籽产量而言,与自然状况相比,3种干旱处理单位面积油茶鲜籽产量明显下降,其中没有任何缓解措施的干旱胁迫产量最低,覆盖及松土可以在一定程度上缓解干旱对油茶鲜籽产量的影响。在油脂转化期干旱胁迫对茶油产量影响较大,干旱胁迫相对于自然状况使茶油单位面积产量下降了45.73%,覆盖及松土相对于自然状况分别下降了24.14%、27.40%,说明缓解干旱的措施可以在一定程度上缓解干旱胁迫对茶油产量带来的影响。【结论】干旱胁迫对油茶籽和茶油产量的影响比较显著,对花径、花苞长生长的影响相对不显著,覆盖和松土措施可以在一定程度上缓解干旱对油茶生长、油茶籽和茶油产量的影响,但对花径生长效果不显著。

Abstract: 【Objective】This study evaluated the effects of drought stress on Camellia oleifera flower-bud growth and production, and the ability of covering straw and soil loosening to alleviate drought stress. 【Method】Flower diameter, flower bud length, per-unit yield and oil weight per unit area were studied using 6-year-old C. oleifera ‘Changlin 4' forests. Four test treatments were used: natural state(control), drought stress, covering straw, and soil loosening. 【Result】Air temperature, humidity, light and soil temperature did not differ significantly between the four treatments. However, there was a significant difference in soil-water content between the treatments. Under drought stress, flower diameter decreased to 21.01% of the size achieved in the control treatment. Using covering straw and loosening the soil increased flower diameter by 5.05% and 9.81%, respectively. Under drought stress, flower bud length was 23.70% less than that in the control treatment. Flower bud length under the covering straw and soil loosening treatments were 13.65% and 15.16% greater, respectively, than those in the control treatment. These treatments moderately alleviated the effects of the drought. Under the three treatments, C. oleifera seed production declined significantly, with production in the control group having the lowest value. Using covering straw and loosening the soil alleviated some of the effects of drought stress on seed production. The yield per unit area of camellia oil was 45.73% lower under the drought stress treatment than that in the control group. Use of covering straw and loosening the soil decreased oil yield by 24.14% and 27.40% respectively. This illustrates that these treatments can somewhat increase oil production. 【Conclusion】Our findings suggest that drought stress has significant negative effects on C. oleifera seed and oil production. However, drought stress negligibly affects flower width and bud length. Use of covering straw and soil loosening can alleviate the effects of drought stress on flower bud length and production, but not on flower width.

中图分类号:

S794.4

丁少净,钟秋平,袁婷婷,等. 干旱胁迫对油茶花苞生长及产量的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 41(05): 197-202.

DING Shaojing, ZHONG Qiuping, YUAN Tingting, CAO Linqing, YAN Chao, YUAN Yaqi, ZHANG Xunhua, LIN Jianping. Effects of drought stress on Camellia oleifera flower-bud growth and production [J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 41(05): 197-202.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201603027.

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干旱胁迫对油茶花苞生长及产量的影响

Effects of drought stress on Camellia oleifera flower-bud growth and production

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