蒸汽爆破对芦苇纤维及其木塑复合材料性能的影响

韩士群; 杨莹; 周庆; 杨启辉; 孟煜

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.021

韩士群,杨莹,周庆,杨启辉,孟煜

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (01) : 136-142.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (01) : 136-142. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.021

研究论文

蒸汽爆破对芦苇纤维及其木塑复合材料性能的影响

韩士群¹,杨莹¹,周庆¹,杨启辉¹,孟煜^1,2

作者信息 +

Effects of steam explosion on reeds fiber and the properties of reed wood-plastic composites

HAN Shiqun¹,YANG Ying¹, ZHOU Qing¹, YANG Qihui¹, MENG Yu^1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】为了解决湖泊和湿地芦苇无人采收造成资源浪费和二次污染的问题,探究蒸汽爆破后芦苇纤维形态、结构和化学组分的变化,并研究了蒸汽爆破处理及芦苇纤维含量对木塑复合材料性能的影响。【方法】采用蒸汽爆破方法对芦苇进行处理,测定了纤维理化指标; 以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为塑料基体添加合适的助剂,采用双螺旋挤压法制备芦苇/HDPE木塑复合材料并测定其力学性能。【结果】与未经爆破处理的芦苇原材料相比,1.2 MPa和1.5 MPa蒸汽爆破处理的芦苇纤维素含量分别提高了19.2%和18.1%, 酸不溶木素分别减少了5.5%和1.0%,综纤维素分别降低了6.1%和12.7%,半纤维素大量降解,可溶性糖含量分别增加了4.51%和7.64%。1.2 MPa蒸汽爆破处理极显著增加了细纤维含量,可以改善纤维质量。同时,蒸汽爆破处理的芦苇/HDPE复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度最大,较未爆破处理的分别提高了22.3%和32.6%,达到国标(GB/T 24137—2009)要求; 纤维质量分数为50%、55%和60%时的芦苇/HDPE木塑复合材料性能均达到国家标准。【结论】利用蒸汽爆破处理芦苇纤维生产木塑复合材料是一种高价值的新型芦苇资源化利用途径。

Abstract

【Objective】In order to solve the resources waste and secondary pollution caused by burning wasted reeds in lakes and wetlands, reed material was treated by means of steam explosion to explore the feasibility of utilizing it as a raw material for reed/HDPE wood-plastic composite. The effect of steam exploded reed on physical-chemical properties was investigated through this experiment.【Method】 Using the high-density polyethylene as matrix and suitable additives with double spiral extrude, the reed/HDPE wood-plastic composite was fabricated and the mechanical properties of the composite were measured as well. 【Result】Compared with that of reeds without steam explosion, when the steam pressures were 1.2 MPa and 1.5 MPa, the cellulose content increased by 19.2% and 18.1%, the content of acid insoluble lignin reduced by 5.5% and 1.0%, the content of holocellulose decreased by 6.1% and 12.7%, soluble sugar content increased by 4.51% and 7.64%, respectively, and a large amount of hemicelluloses substantial degraded. The fine fiber content significantly increased under a steam explosion of 1.2 MPa, as well as the fiber quality. The maximal tensile strength and flexural strength of the steam-exploded reed/HDPE composite increased by 22.3% and 32.6%, respectively, which satisfied the requires of the national standard(GB/T 24137—2009). The properties of reed/HDPE wood-plastic composites with fiber contents of 50%, 55% and 60% could also reach the national standard. 【Conclusion】It was concluded that the use of steam-exploded reeds to make reed/HDPE wood-plastic composites is a potential way to cost-effectively utilize the waste reeds.

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韩士群,杨莹,周庆,杨启辉,孟煜. 蒸汽爆破对芦苇纤维及其木塑复合材料性能的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2017, 41(01): 136-142 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.021

HAN Shiqun,YANG Ying, ZHOU Qing, YANG Qihui, MENG Yu. Effects of steam explosion on reeds fiber and the properties of reed wood-plastic composites[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2017, 41(01): 136-142 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.021

中图分类号： TB332 S781

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