【目的】比较中国15个毛竹主产区毛竹纤维的形态差异,为毛竹优质造纸原料的筛选提供参考。【方法】利用Jeffery离析法制取毛竹纤维,显微观察并统计分析纤维外部形态、长度、宽度、长宽比、纤维细胞壁厚及壁腔比等形态学指标。【结果】各地区产毛竹大部分纤维形态均呈正常的两端尖中间大的纺锤体形态,但存在部分变异纤维,变异比率最高可达5.33%; 纤维平均长度均大于2 mm,平均长宽比都大于35。其中,福建武夷山产毛竹纤维平均长度最长且平均长宽比最大,分别为2.93 mm和134.78; 而广东仁化大于 2 mm长度的毛竹纤维所占比例最大,达到了97%。各产区中,毛竹纤维细胞壁厚最小的是湖南桃江(8.96 μm),最大的是广东仁化(15.56 μm)。平均壁腔比最小的为浙江龙游(1.18),最大的为江苏宜兴(2.98)。【结论】中国15 个主产区毛竹纤维在长度上均符合优质造纸原料指标,但综合纤维长度分布频率、长宽比及正常纤维比率看,福建武夷山的毛竹纤维较其他 14 个地区在造纸上更占优势。根据纤维细胞壁厚与壁腔比值,湖南桃江较其他地区在制造质地紧密、不易被撕裂的纸张上具有优势,而广东仁化与江苏宜兴则在制造质地疏松、吸水性能好的纸张上具有较大优势。
Abstract
【Objective】Fiber morphologies are characterized among moso bamboos from 15 regions for providing reference of the raw material selection for papermaking.【Method】Fiber samples are produced by Jeffery solution. And fiber morphology, length, width and wall thickness et cetera, are characterized by microscope observation. The collected data are used for calculation of length-width ratio and runkel ratio as well as statics analysis. 【Result】Morphologies of most moso bamboo fibers in each region are like a spindle. However, up to 5.33% fibers are found to have abnormal morphologies. The average length and length-width ratio of moso bamboo fibers in each region is more than 2 mm and 35, respectively. Among the 15 investigated regions, moso bamboo fiber of Wuyishan with length of 2.93 mm, which is the longest, has the largest length-width ratio, 134.78. And Renhua moso bamboo possesses the highest proportion of fibers with length more than 2 mm, which reaches to 97%. In addition, moso bamboo fibers from Taojiang and Renhua with average cell wall thickness of 8.96 μm and 15.56 μm, are the thinnest and the thickest, respectively. The smallest average runkel ratio is found in Longyou moso bamboo fiber with value of 1.18. And with value of 2.98, Yixing moso bamboo has the fibers with the biggest runkel ratio. 【Conclusion】Moso fibers in each investigated regions all are suitable for paper-making. However, regard of the proportion of long fibers, the length-width ratio and the ratio of abnormal moso bamboo fiber cells, Wuyishan moso bamboo is more advantageous than those from other places for paper-making. According to cell wall thickness and runkel ratio, moso bamboo fibers from Taojiang are the most suitable for producing tight paper, while fibers of Renhua and Yixing are the best for making papers with loose texture and well water absorption.
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基金
收稿日期:2017-11-23 修回日期:2018-03-20
基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201504106); 国家自然科学基金项目(31670602,31301808); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:陈铭(m13770761586@163.com)。*通信作者:魏强(weiqiang@njfu.edu.cn),副教授,博士。
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