盐碱混合胁迫对‘中山杉406’生长及光合特性的影响

郭金博; 施钦; 熊豫武; 殷云龙; 华建峰

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201805078

郭金博,施钦,熊豫武,殷云龙,华建峰

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (01) : 61-68.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (01) : 61-68. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201805078

研究论文

盐碱混合胁迫对‘中山杉406’生长及光合特性的影响

郭金博,施钦,熊豫武,殷云龙,华建峰^*

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Effects of salt-alkaline mixed stress on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’

GUO Jinbo, SHI Qin, XIONG Yuwu, YIN Yunlong, HUA Jianfeng^*

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摘要

【目的】研究不同浓度的盐碱混合胁迫对‘中山杉406’(Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’)生长及光合特性的影响。【方法】采取室内土培法模拟沿海地区盐渍土的离子组分对‘中山杉406’进行盐碱混合胁迫,研究其株高、地径、鲜质量和干质量等生物量及光合色素、净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)和光响应曲线等光合特性的响应。【结果】盐碱混合胁迫45 d后,供试的‘中山杉406’全部存活,3、5和8 g/kg盐碱处理组的中山杉株高、地径及根冠比均与CK无显著差异,但8 g/kg处理组的根和叶的生物量比CK组显著降低。盐碱混合胁迫对叶片光合色素含量没有显著影响,但显著降低了叶片P_n、T_r和G_s,而气孔限制值(L_s)、瞬时水分利用率(η_WUE)和C_i无显著变化。盐碱混合胁迫下,光合-光强响应曲线表现出明显的光饱和限制,光补偿点(p_LCP)维持在较低水平,5和8 g/kg处理组的光饱和点(p_LSP)显著降低。‘中山杉406’在低于8 g/kg的盐碱混合胁迫下均可成活,高于5 g/kg的盐碱混合胁迫显著降低了叶片净光合速率,非气孔限制因素是造成P_n下降的主要原因。【结论】盐碱混合胁迫下,‘中山杉406’可通过提高全日照弱光的利用率和维持水分利用率(WUE)来缓解盐碱混合胁迫对其光合作用的影响。可见,‘中山杉406’对盐碱混合胁迫有较强的适应能力,是适用于盐碱地治理和绿化的优良乔木。

Abstract

【Objective】This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of salt and alkalinity in the soil on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the hybrid cultivar Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’. 【Method】 The soil culture method was adopted to simulate salt-alkaline mixed stress on T. ‘Zhongshanshan 406’, replicating the characteristic qualities of coastal soils. The following parameters were measured: plant height, ground diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, chloroplast pigment, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, and light response curve. 【Result】All T. ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ individuals survived after 45 days of salt-alkaline mixed stress, and the plant height, ground diameter, and root shoot ratio of 3, 5 and 8 g/kg treatments exhibited no significant changes, compared with the control, but the biomass of roots and leaves in the 8 g/kg treatment was signi-ficantly lower than that of the control. Salt-alkaline mixed stress also had no significant effects on leaf photosynthetic pigments, stomatal limitations, and intercellular CO₂ concentration. However, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance decreased in salt-alkaline mixed stress. The light compensation point was maintained at a lower level due to salt-alkaline mixed stress. The light saturation point of the 5 and 8 g/kg treatment groups decreased significantly, and the photosynthetic light intensity response curve showed obvious light saturation limits under salt-alkaline mixed stress. 【Conclusion】 The T. ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ survived under a salt-alkaline mixed stress of less than 8 g/kg. The leaf net photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced by a saline-alkali mixture stress that was higher than 5 g/kg. Non stomatal factors were the main causes of the decline in photosynthetic rate. The T. ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ plants alleviate salt stress on photosynthesis by adapting light utilization and by improving instantaneous water use efficiency, which exhibited strong adaptability to salt-alkaline conditions. The T. ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ has proved to be an excellent tree species for greening saline and alkaline lands.

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郭金博,施钦,熊豫武,殷云龙,华建峰. 盐碱混合胁迫对‘中山杉406’生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2019, 43(01): 61-68 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201805078

GUO Jinbo, SHI Qin, XIONG Yuwu, YIN Yunlong, HUA Jianfeng. Effects of salt-alkaline mixed stress on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2019, 43(01): 61-68 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201805078

中图分类号： S728.6

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基金

收稿日期:2018-05-30 修回日期:2018-09-29基金项目:江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(17)1004]; 国家自然科学基金项目(31700588); 江苏省海洋科技创新专项(HY2018-5); 战略物资源服务网络(kfj-brsn-2018-6-003)。第一作者:郭金博(guojb0113@163.com)。*通信作者:华建峰(jfhua2009@gmail.com), 副研究员,ORCID(0000-0002-0337-736X)。引文格式:郭金博,施钦,熊豫武,等. 盐碱混合胁迫对‘中山杉406’生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2019,43(1):61-68.