猫儿山自然保护区沿海拔分布植被带土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201808031

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 81-88.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201808031

猫儿山自然保护区沿海拔分布植被带土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用分析

邓小军¹(), 唐健¹, 王会利¹, 宋贤冲¹, 曹继钊¹, 覃祚玉¹, 宋光桃²^,^*()

1.广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,国家林业局中南速生材繁育实验室,广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室,广西南宁 530003
2.湖南环境生物职业技术学院,湖南衡阳 421005

收稿日期:2018-08-15 修回日期:2019-10-22 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2020-02-02
通讯作者: 宋光桃
作者简介:邓小军( dengxiaojun2008@sina.com),高级工程师, ORCID(0000-0002-6678-494X)。
基金资助:
广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室项目(2019-A-04-02);广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室项目(17-A-02-01);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204087-11);广西科技基地和人才专项项目(桂科AD17129051);广西林业科技项目(桂林科研[2015]40号);广西林科院基金项目(林科201807)

Soil nitrification denitrification respiration and their influence factor analysis in different vegetation zones along elevationnal gradient in Mao’er Mountain of China

DENG Xiaojun¹(), TANG Jian¹, WANG Huili¹, SONG Xianchong¹, CAO Jizhao¹, QING Zuoyu¹, SONG Guangtao²^,^*()

1. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Nanning 530003, China
2. Hunan Environment-Biologic Polytechnic, Hengyang 421005, China

Received:2018-08-15 Revised:2019-10-22 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-02-02
Contact: SONG Guangtao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 揭示环境因子对猫儿山自然保护区不同海拔植被带土壤呼吸和硝化-反硝化作用的影响。【方法】 以广西猫儿山自然保护区不同植被带为研究对象,应用气压过程分离系统BaPS(barometric process separation system)研究了不同海拔植被带的土壤呼吸速率(SRR, soil respiration rate)、总硝化速率(GNR, gross nitrification rate)、反硝化速率(DR, denitrification rate),及其对土壤温度等环境因子的响应规律。【结果】 在自然土壤温度下,土壤呼吸速率杉木人工林 (Chinese fir plantation, CFP) >常绿、落叶阔叶混交林 (evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest, EDBF) >毛竹人工林(bamboo plantation, BP)>山顶灌丛 (mountaintop shrub, MS)> 南方铁杉林 (southern hemlock forest, SHF) >水青冈天然林 (beech natural forest, BNF),CFP最高为361.6 μg/(kg ·h);总硝化速率SHF最高为275.3 μg/(kg ·h),BP最低为58.3 μg/(kg ·h);反硝化速率为BP> CFP> EDBF> BNF> SHF>MS,BP最高为172.2 μg/(kg·h)。土壤温度在5~20 ℃变化时,6种植被带的土壤呼吸速率、总硝化速率、反硝化速率均随着温度的上升而增加。相关性分析表明,海拔、土壤温度、含水量、pH、有机质、全氮、全钾、速效氮磷钾是影响土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用的重要因子。【结论】 低海拔人工林在自然温度下具有比高海拔天然林更高的土壤呼吸速率和反硝化速率,但是高海拔植被带土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用对温度变化具有更高的敏感性,在气候变暖过程中,高海拔植被带土壤可能会释放更多的温室气体增量。

关键词: 土壤呼吸速率, 总硝化速率, 反硝化速率, 海拔垂直植被带, 猫儿山

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of soil respiration, nitrification, and denitrification and the influence of various environmental factors in vegetation zones at different altitudes in the Mao’er Mountain.【Method】 Different forest types at a National Nature Reserve in Mao’er Mmountain were the experimental sites. Soil respiration rate (SRR), gross nitrification rate (GNR) and denitrification rate (DR) in different vegetation zones at different altitudes were investigated based on the Barometric Process Separation system, and the response of SRR, GNR or DR to soil temperature and other environmental factors was studied.【Result】 Under normal temperature, the SRR was in the order of Chinese fir plantation (CFP) > evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest (EDBF) > bamboo plantation (BP) > mountaintop shrub (MS) > (Southern hemlock forest (SHF) > Beech natural forest (BNF), and the highest rate was 361.6 μg/(kg·h) at CPF. The GNR in the SHF was 275.3 μg/(kg·h), and the lowest GNR was 58.3 μg/(kg·h) in the BP. In addition, the DRs were in the order BP>CFP>EDBF>BNF>SHF>MS, and the highest was 172.2 μg/(kg·h) at BP. SRR, GNR and DR in the six vegetation zones increased with an increase of temperature when the temperature was between 5 ℃ and 20 ℃. Correlation analysis results revealed that altitude, soil temperature, water content, pH, organic matter concentration, total nitrogen, total potassium, available N, available P and available K were the key factors influencing SRR, GNR and DR. 【Conclusion】 Low altitude plantations had higher SRRs and DRs than high altitude natural forests. However, soil nitrification, denitrification and respiration were more sensitive to temperature changes in high altitude vegetation. In the wake of climate change and the ensuing warming, soils in high altitude vegetation zones could release higher amounts of greenhouse gases.

Key words: soil respiration rate, gross nitrification rate, denitrification rate, vertical vegetation zone, Mao’er Mountain

中图分类号:

S714

邓小军,唐健,王会利,等. 猫儿山自然保护区沿海拔分布植被带土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 81-88.

DENG Xiaojun, TANG Jian, WANG Huili, SONG Xianchong, CAO Jizhao, QING Zuoyu, SONG Guangtao. Soil nitrification denitrification respiration and their influence factor analysis in different vegetation zones along elevationnal gradient in Mao’er Mountain of China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(1): 81-88.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201808031.

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植被带 vegetation zones	海拔/m elevation	土壤类型 soil type	坡度/ (°) slope	坡向/ (°) slope aspect	郁闭度 canopy density	土壤温度/℃ soil temperature	地理坐标 geographic coordinate	主要树种组成 dominant species in tree layer
杉木人工林(CFP) Chinese fir plantation	1 130	山地黄红壤	5	NE 61	0.85	11.48	110°29'13″E, 25°53'15″N	杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、青窄槭(Acer davidii)、光皮梾(Swida wilsoniana)等
毛竹人工林(BP) bamboo plantation	1 144	山地黄红壤	2	NE 49	0.80	12.00	110°29'17″E, 25°54'21″N	毛竹(Phyllostachys heterocycla)、交让木(Daphniphyllum macropodum)、团叶杜鹃(Rhododendron orbiculare)等
常绿、落叶阔叶混交林(EDBF) evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest	1 222	山地黄壤	42	NE 50	0.80	10.52	110°29'27″E, 25°53'15″N	罗浮栲(Castanopsis faberi)、钩栗(Castanopsis tibetana)、白辛树(Pterostyrax psilophyllus)等
水青冈天然林(BNF) beech natural forest	1 385	山地黄壤	35	SE 135	0.75	9.58	110°27'54″E, 25°54'21″N	长柄水青冈(Fagus longipetiolata)、摆竹(Indosasa shibataeoides)、团叶杜鹃等
南方铁杉林(SHF) southern hemlock forest	2 042	泥炭土	2	0	0.70	7.46	110°26'01″E, 25°53'48″N	南方铁杉(Tsuga chinensis)、曼椆(Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon)、丁香杜鹃(Rhododendron farrerae)等
山顶灌丛(MS) mountaintop shrub	2 045	山地黄棕壤	12	NE 62	0.90	8.04	110°24'45″E, 25°51'58″N	豪猪刺(Berberis julianae)、三花冬青(Ilex triflora)、灯笼树(Enkianthus chinensis)等

植被带 vegetation zones	pH	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) organic matter content	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) total N content	全磷含量 (P₂O₅) / (g·kg^-1) total P content	全钾含量 (K₂O) / (g·kg^-1) total K content	速效氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available N content	速效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available P content	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available K content	质量含水量/% moisture content	碳氮比 C/N
CFP	4.44±0.19 c	109.21±15.91 ab	4.68±0.62 ab	2.38±0.25 b	32.48±0.95 c	366.50±40.18 a	2.93±0.64 a	66.37±2.29 a	55.22±7.86 ab	13.53±0.23 c
BP	4.94±0.10 d	103.27±17.69 ab	4.08±0.31 a	1.96±0.13 a	26.70±7.38 bc	366.28±149.31 a	1.23±1.03 a	41.80±9.00 a	43.15±3.11 a	14.64±1.66 c
EDBF	4.10±0.02 b	149.39±35.63 b	6.40±1.62 b	2.00±0.30 a	23.66±2.78 b	631.33±176.80 b	3.10±0.98 a	78.07±9.50 a	63.02±14.81 ab	13.57±0.38 c
BNF	3.92±0.16 b	73.65±9.03 a	5.23±0.49 ab	1.94±0.10 a	30.32±0.28 bc	365.07±85.87 a	1.20±0.17 a	114.07±18.03 ab	77.57±11.40 ab	8.16±0.56 a
SHF	3.40±0.06 a	707.61±51.83 d	21.11±0.81 d	1.77±0.08 a	8.62±3.39 a	1830.20±82.82 d	7.37±3.18 b	233.80±83.86 c	276.08±67.20 c	19.47±1.90 d
MS	3.51±0.10 a	244.81±45.17 c	12.94±1.25 c	1.76±0.15 a	25.82±0.44 bc	974.27±147.72 c	3.70±2.61 a	152.50±32.44 b	109.52±1.53 b	10.98±1.72 b

项目 item	pH	有机质 organic matter	全氮 total N	全磷 (P₂O₅) total P	全钾 (K₂O) total K	速效氮 available N	速效磷 available P	速效钾 available K	含水量 moisture content	碳氮比 C/N	海拔 elevation	土壤温度 soil temperature	土壤呼吸速率 SRR	总硝化速率 GNR	反硝化速率 DR
pH	1
有机质	-0.650^**	1
全量氮	-0.788^**	0.954^**	1
全量磷	0.483^*	-0.395	-0.472^*	1
全量钾	0.531*	-0.891^**	-0.824^**	0.467	1
速效氮	-0.731^**	0.973^**	0.983^**	-0.433	-0.871^**	1
速效磷	-0.544^*	0.779^**	0.795^**	-0.064	-0.662^**	0.820^**	1
速效钾	-0.771^**	0.799^**	0.877^**	-0.386	-0.683^**	0.853^**	0.822^**	1
含水量	-0.697^**	0.950^**	0.912^**	-0.479^*	-0.857^**	0.916^**	0.666^**	0.834^**	1
C/N	-0.082	0.755^**	0.567^*	-0.086	-0.740^**	0.663^**	0.580^*	0.323	0.629^**	1
海拔	-0.841^**	0.777^**	0.910^**	-0.601^**	-0.670^**	0.865^**	0.647^**	0.788^**	0.749^**	0.339	1
温度	0.955^**	-0.727^**	-0.866^**	0.601^**	0.607^**	-0.806^**	-0.580^*	-0.854^**	-0.771^**	-0.137	-0.912^**	1
SRR	-0.852^**	0.698^**	0.836^**	-0.359	-0.512^*	0.779^**	0.659^**	0.740^**	0.678^**	0.276	-0.890^**	0.555^*	1
GNR	-0.890^**	0.801^**	0.926^**	-0.591^**	-0.698^**	0.886^**	0.672^**	0.821^**	0.784^**	0.338	0.964^**	-0.760^**	0.923^**	1
DR	-0.821^**	0.897^**	0.977^**	-0.589^*	-0.774^**	0.940^**	0.708^**	0.857^**	0.875^**	0.468^*	-0.963^**	0.850^**	0.868^**	0.965^**	1

猫儿山自然保护区沿海拔分布植被带土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用分析

Soil nitrification denitrification respiration and their influence factor analysis in different vegetation zones along elevationnal gradient in Mao’er Mountain of China

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